Highly sensitive person scale – brief version (hsp-12): validation and measurement invariance in a sample of young serbian women
摘要
This study aimed to validate the Serbian version of the HSP-12 scale, assess its measurement invariance across groups (university students vs. psychotherapy clients), and explore its construct validity by examining relationships with personality traits. The sample included 435 female participants from Serbia, aged between 18 and 40 years (M = 25.49, SD = 6.44), comprising 280 university students and 155 psychotherapy clients. Among the tested structural models, a three-factor CFA model (factors: Aesthetic Sensitivity, Ease of Excitation, Low Sensory Threshold) emerged as the best representation of the measured data. High average loadings (from 0.600) and high McDonald’s omega values (from 0.802) were registered for all three subscales. Although IRT analysis indicated that a second-order model, with three first-order factors (AES, EOE, LST) loading on a general sensitivity factor best fit the data, we retained the CFA results for consistency and interpretability. If the aim is to assess individual scores, a general factor may be more informative. However, if the goal is to understand the structure or group differences, a three-factor model should be used. The construct validity of the HSP-12 factors was supported by meaningful correlations with relevant personality traits. Partial scalar measurement invariance was achieved after freeing item 11’s intercept, allowing for valid latent mean comparisons between groups. The students reported significantly lower levels of all three factors compared to the psychotherapy clients. The HSP-12 demonstrates strong psychometric properties as a multidimensional measure of sensitivity in the Serbian female sample, though validation across more diverse populations is needed.