Abstract <p>The Perth Emotion Regulation Competency Inventory (PERCI) is a 32-item self-report measure of emotion regulation ability. Originally created in English, the questionnaire was designed to assess emotion regulation ability across both negative and positive emotions. This study aimed to introduce the first Polish version of the PERCI and examine its psychometric properties and links with psychopathology symptoms. Our sample was 531 Polish-speaking adults aged 18–73 (<i>M</i> = 25.32, <i>SD</i> = 8.51) from the general population. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the PERCI’s factor structure and examine measurement invariance across gender (females vs males). The concurrent validity of the questionnaire was assessed via relationships with anxiety and depressive symptoms. The questionnaire demonstrated strong factorial validity, invariance of its structure across genders, and concurrent validity was also empirically supported. Internal consistency reliability was good for all subscales and composite scores. Overall, the Polish version of the PERCI therefore appears to have strong psychometric properties. Our results highlight the clinical relevance of distinguishing between negative and positive emotional valences in emotion regulation assessments, and the predictive role of emotion regulation ability (across both valence domains) in anxiety and depression symptoms. To help facilitate the interpretation of PERCI scores, we also present percentile rank norms for Polish adults.</p>