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<p>According to the cognitive behavioral theory, adolescents experiencing depression often exhibit maladaptive cognitive patterns. However, how the ways in which the underlying cognitive processes are interrelated and how they jointly influence depressive symptoms remain unclear. Therefore, to further elucidate the cognitive mechanisms underlying depression, the present study employed network analysis to examine the interrelationships among cognitive flexibility (CF), cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies and depression. A sample of 2,038 Chinese adolescents completed Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), Cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The findings showed that depressed affect, catastrophizing, and CFI-Control were central indices in the network. Additionally, CFI-Control serves as a protective factor, negatively correlated with catastrophizing, not happy, and somatic affect. However, acceptance may be a maladaptive strategy in Chinese adolescents, as it was positively associated with self-blame and rumination. Two bridge symptoms (CFI-Alternative and CFI-Control) were also identified. Gender did not significantly affect the network model. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of depressed affect, catastrophizing, and CFI-control in depression interventions for adolescents.</p>

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Cognitive flexibility, cognitive emotion regulation, and depression in Chinese adolescents: a network analysis approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Kangyin Shi,
  • Yue Qiu,
  • Hongmei Yu

摘要

According to the cognitive behavioral theory, adolescents experiencing depression often exhibit maladaptive cognitive patterns. However, how the ways in which the underlying cognitive processes are interrelated and how they jointly influence depressive symptoms remain unclear. Therefore, to further elucidate the cognitive mechanisms underlying depression, the present study employed network analysis to examine the interrelationships among cognitive flexibility (CF), cognitive emotion regulation (CER) strategies and depression. A sample of 2,038 Chinese adolescents completed Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), Cognitive emotion regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The findings showed that depressed affect, catastrophizing, and CFI-Control were central indices in the network. Additionally, CFI-Control serves as a protective factor, negatively correlated with catastrophizing, not happy, and somatic affect. However, acceptance may be a maladaptive strategy in Chinese adolescents, as it was positively associated with self-blame and rumination. Two bridge symptoms (CFI-Alternative and CFI-Control) were also identified. Gender did not significantly affect the network model. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of depressed affect, catastrophizing, and CFI-control in depression interventions for adolescents.