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<p>Although cyberloafing has received widespread attention from scholars, the influence of self-serving leadership on cyberloafing remains to be explored. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this study aims to explore how self-serving leadership affects employee cyberloafing and its underlying mechanisms. Multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) was utilized to test the research hypotheses through the matched data of 508 employees and 88 leaders collected at three different time points. The results showed that self-serving leadership positively influenced employee cyberloafing, with this relationship mediated by moral disengagement. Moral reflectiveness negatively moderates the relationship between self-serving leadership and moral disengagement, as well as the indirect relationship between self-serving leadership and employee cyberloafing through moral disengagement. These findings not only provide theoretical implications for identifying the influencing factors of cyberloafing but also offer valuable managerial insights on how to mitigate such behavior.</p>

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Self-serving leadership and employee cyberloafing: a multilevel analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Yajun Zhang,
  • Jingjing Wang,
  • Junwei Zhang,
  • Muhammad Naseer Akhtar

摘要

Although cyberloafing has received widespread attention from scholars, the influence of self-serving leadership on cyberloafing remains to be explored. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this study aims to explore how self-serving leadership affects employee cyberloafing and its underlying mechanisms. Multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) was utilized to test the research hypotheses through the matched data of 508 employees and 88 leaders collected at three different time points. The results showed that self-serving leadership positively influenced employee cyberloafing, with this relationship mediated by moral disengagement. Moral reflectiveness negatively moderates the relationship between self-serving leadership and moral disengagement, as well as the indirect relationship between self-serving leadership and employee cyberloafing through moral disengagement. These findings not only provide theoretical implications for identifying the influencing factors of cyberloafing but also offer valuable managerial insights on how to mitigate such behavior.