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<p>Sleep disturbances are prevalent within the global college student population, with rumination being a significant cognitive determinant of sleep health. Nonetheless, the reciprocal and dynamic relationship between these two factors has not been investigated. This study employed an intensive longitudinal design in which self-report data were collected over 21 days from 417 Chinese college students (76.0% women; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 18.28 years, <i>SD</i> = 0.90). Results of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) revealed temporal stability in sleep quality, bedtime procrastination, and rumination. Poor sleep quality predicted subsequent rumination, and vice versa, creating a cycle of mutual exacerbation. Bedtime procrastination and rumination showed a similar bidirectional pattern. These findings provide the first longitudinal evidence of a dynamic, reciprocal cycle between rumination and sleep health among college students, revealing real-time mechanisms of mutual reinforcement. This study underscores the need for integrative interventions that concurrently address cognitive (rumination), behavioral (bedtime procrastination), and physiological (sleep quality) factors to effectively disrupt the self-reinforcing cycle.</p>

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Why does my night seem so long? Dynamic reciprocal relationship between sleep health and rumination among college students

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Honglei Gu,
  • Sirui Li,
  • Yulei Han,
  • Jie Fang,
  • Yufang Cheng

摘要

Sleep disturbances are prevalent within the global college student population, with rumination being a significant cognitive determinant of sleep health. Nonetheless, the reciprocal and dynamic relationship between these two factors has not been investigated. This study employed an intensive longitudinal design in which self-report data were collected over 21 days from 417 Chinese college students (76.0% women; Mage = 18.28 years, SD = 0.90). Results of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) revealed temporal stability in sleep quality, bedtime procrastination, and rumination. Poor sleep quality predicted subsequent rumination, and vice versa, creating a cycle of mutual exacerbation. Bedtime procrastination and rumination showed a similar bidirectional pattern. These findings provide the first longitudinal evidence of a dynamic, reciprocal cycle between rumination and sleep health among college students, revealing real-time mechanisms of mutual reinforcement. This study underscores the need for integrative interventions that concurrently address cognitive (rumination), behavioral (bedtime procrastination), and physiological (sleep quality) factors to effectively disrupt the self-reinforcing cycle.