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<p>Numerous studies have highlighted the adverse outcomes associated with excessive smartphone usage, yet there remains a gap in understanding its impact on cognition. This study aims to explore the long-term effects of smartphone dependence on mindfulness awareness, while also exploring the intermediary mechanisms of negative emotions and attentional control. The study involved a six-month longitudinal survey of 306 adolescents (out of which 149 were females, Mage = 13.09, SD = 1.16), using the Smartphone Dependence Scale, Negative Emotions Scale, Attentional Control Scale, and Mindfulness Awareness Scale. The findings revealed significant correlations among smartphone dependence, negative emotion, attentional control, and mindfulness awareness. Additionally, a significant longitudinal association was found between smartphone dependence and mindfulness awareness. Negative emotions and attentional control were identified as pivotal factors mediating the longitudinal relationship between smartphone dependence and mindfulness awareness. These results emphasize the potential long-term impacts of smartphone dependence on adolescents’ cognitive and emotional development, underscoring the need for structured guidance on responsible smartphone use to promote sustainable positive development.</p>

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Smartphone dependence and mindfulness awareness in Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of negative emotions and attentional control

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Hanyu Liang,
  • Shuxuan Wang,
  • Yunpeng Guo,
  • Huiling Zhou,
  • Xinyi Wei,
  • Huaibin Jiang,
  • Jie Li

摘要

Numerous studies have highlighted the adverse outcomes associated with excessive smartphone usage, yet there remains a gap in understanding its impact on cognition. This study aims to explore the long-term effects of smartphone dependence on mindfulness awareness, while also exploring the intermediary mechanisms of negative emotions and attentional control. The study involved a six-month longitudinal survey of 306 adolescents (out of which 149 were females, Mage = 13.09, SD = 1.16), using the Smartphone Dependence Scale, Negative Emotions Scale, Attentional Control Scale, and Mindfulness Awareness Scale. The findings revealed significant correlations among smartphone dependence, negative emotion, attentional control, and mindfulness awareness. Additionally, a significant longitudinal association was found between smartphone dependence and mindfulness awareness. Negative emotions and attentional control were identified as pivotal factors mediating the longitudinal relationship between smartphone dependence and mindfulness awareness. These results emphasize the potential long-term impacts of smartphone dependence on adolescents’ cognitive and emotional development, underscoring the need for structured guidance on responsible smartphone use to promote sustainable positive development.