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<p>Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) is characterised by a persistent worry about missing rewarding experiences that others might have, leading to increased attention to social activities. This anxiety stems not from the activities themselves but from a fear of social exclusion, closely linking FoMO to heightened attention toward exclusion cues. Despite this, empirical evidence directly connecting FoMO with enhanced attention to social exclusion cues is limited. This study employed event-related potential (ERP) technology and utilised the dot-probe paradigm among 73 Chinese university students to assess attentional biases toward social exclusion. Results indicated that high FoMO individuals, unlike those with low FoMO, exhibited a significant early attentional bias toward social exclusion cues, as evidenced by both behavioural measures and the N200 posterior-contralateral (N2pc) component. Additionally, Late Positive Potential (LPP) findings revealed that high FoMO individuals displayed greater sustained attention to social inclusion-neutral image pairs than to exclusion-neutral pairs. These findings suggest that individuals with high FoMO have distinct attentional patterns toward social cues, driven by a heightened desire to avoid exclusion and seek inclusion, which could have implications for understanding social anxiety and developing targeted interventions.</p>

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Dual attentional patterns in fear of missing out: ERP evidence of early social exclusion vigilance and sustained social inclusion engagement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • ZhiChen Chen,
  • Ling Yang

摘要

Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) is characterised by a persistent worry about missing rewarding experiences that others might have, leading to increased attention to social activities. This anxiety stems not from the activities themselves but from a fear of social exclusion, closely linking FoMO to heightened attention toward exclusion cues. Despite this, empirical evidence directly connecting FoMO with enhanced attention to social exclusion cues is limited. This study employed event-related potential (ERP) technology and utilised the dot-probe paradigm among 73 Chinese university students to assess attentional biases toward social exclusion. Results indicated that high FoMO individuals, unlike those with low FoMO, exhibited a significant early attentional bias toward social exclusion cues, as evidenced by both behavioural measures and the N200 posterior-contralateral (N2pc) component. Additionally, Late Positive Potential (LPP) findings revealed that high FoMO individuals displayed greater sustained attention to social inclusion-neutral image pairs than to exclusion-neutral pairs. These findings suggest that individuals with high FoMO have distinct attentional patterns toward social cues, driven by a heightened desire to avoid exclusion and seek inclusion, which could have implications for understanding social anxiety and developing targeted interventions.