<p>Divorced and widowed mothers in patriarchal and traditional communities such as Pakistan often face social and cultural stigmatization. However, an in-depth understanding of their experiences, especially in rural areas, remains limited. This study examines how the intersectional realities of divorced and widowed mothers in Pakistan are shaped by gender, identity, and culture, along with the challenges and opportunities these women encounter. We selected 20 single mothers (divorced <i>n</i> = 10, widowed <i>n</i> = 10) aged 30–55&#xa0;years to participate in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis of the data yielded three primary themes: practical challenges as a single mother, personal challenges faced by single mothers, and cultural challenges (social attitudes toward single mothers and the interpersonal interactions they experience). Widowhood may elicit family support and sympathy, whereas divorce often does not, particularly when the woman is perceived to be at fault. Divorced and widowed single mothers in rural Pakistan face significant obstacles in raising their children, which negatively affect their emotional and mental well-being. Transforming the prevailing cultural attitudes is essential to empower divorced single mothers. This study provides valuable insights for both theory and policymaking in Pakistan and globally, particularly in relation to UN Sustainable Development Goal 5, which focuses on achieving gender equality. It highlights the distinct challenges faced by divorced and widowed single mothers in collectivist cultures and emphasizes the critical role that social workers and counselors can play in promoting family reconciliation and support.</p>

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The varied experiences of widowed and divorced single mothers in rural areas of Pakistan

  • Maryam Bibi,
  • Iram Fatima,
  • Omama Tariq

摘要

Divorced and widowed mothers in patriarchal and traditional communities such as Pakistan often face social and cultural stigmatization. However, an in-depth understanding of their experiences, especially in rural areas, remains limited. This study examines how the intersectional realities of divorced and widowed mothers in Pakistan are shaped by gender, identity, and culture, along with the challenges and opportunities these women encounter. We selected 20 single mothers (divorced n = 10, widowed n = 10) aged 30–55 years to participate in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis of the data yielded three primary themes: practical challenges as a single mother, personal challenges faced by single mothers, and cultural challenges (social attitudes toward single mothers and the interpersonal interactions they experience). Widowhood may elicit family support and sympathy, whereas divorce often does not, particularly when the woman is perceived to be at fault. Divorced and widowed single mothers in rural Pakistan face significant obstacles in raising their children, which negatively affect their emotional and mental well-being. Transforming the prevailing cultural attitudes is essential to empower divorced single mothers. This study provides valuable insights for both theory and policymaking in Pakistan and globally, particularly in relation to UN Sustainable Development Goal 5, which focuses on achieving gender equality. It highlights the distinct challenges faced by divorced and widowed single mothers in collectivist cultures and emphasizes the critical role that social workers and counselors can play in promoting family reconciliation and support.