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<p>This study aims to explore the effects of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in Chinese outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders, providing potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and intervention.&#xa0;We enrolled 192 outpatient adolescents divided into two groups: non-NSSI (<i>n</i> = 66) and NSSI (<i>n</i> = 126), and obtained serum samples. Clinical presentation was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). We compared the differences in folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with NSSI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the optimal cutoff value.&#xa0;Compared to the non-NSSI group, the NSSI group had significantly greater homocysteine levels, higher HAMD and HAMA scores (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and significantly lower folate and vitamin B12 levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that the severity of depression symptoms (<i>OR</i> = 1.227, 95%<i>CI</i> = 1.130–1.332, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), lower folate levels (<i>OR</i> = 0.848, 95%<i>CI</i> = 0.738–0.974, <i>p</i> = 0.020), and lower vitamin B12 levels (<i>OR</i> = 0.997, 95%<i>CI</i> 0.995–0.999, <i>p</i> = 0.013) were the influencing factors for NSSI in outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders. ROC analysis revealed that folate ≤ 7.34, vitamin B12 ≤ 288.50, and HAMD ≥ 20.50 were the best cutoff values for identifying individuals at risk of NSSI.&#xa0;Folate and vitamin B12 levels, along with the severity of depressive symptoms, are significant factors influencing NSSI in outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders. These findings provide empirical evidence for the early screening and identification of high-risk NSSI individuals and support the use of targeted therapeutic strategies, such as folate/vitamin B12 supplementation and the improvement of depressive symptoms, to mitigate NSSI behaviors in this vulnerable population.</p>

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Associations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine with non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月12日

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  • Xinqi Wang,
  • Jingjing Xu,
  • Wangwang Xu,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Jin Gao

摘要

This study aims to explore the effects of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in Chinese outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders, providing potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and intervention. We enrolled 192 outpatient adolescents divided into two groups: non-NSSI (n = 66) and NSSI (n = 126), and obtained serum samples. Clinical presentation was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). We compared the differences in folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with NSSI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to estimate the optimal cutoff value. Compared to the non-NSSI group, the NSSI group had significantly greater homocysteine levels, higher HAMD and HAMA scores (p < 0.05), and significantly lower folate and vitamin B12 levels (p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that the severity of depression symptoms (OR = 1.227, 95%CI = 1.130–1.332, p < 0.001), lower folate levels (OR = 0.848, 95%CI = 0.738–0.974, p = 0.020), and lower vitamin B12 levels (OR = 0.997, 95%CI 0.995–0.999, p = 0.013) were the influencing factors for NSSI in outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders. ROC analysis revealed that folate ≤ 7.34, vitamin B12 ≤ 288.50, and HAMD ≥ 20.50 were the best cutoff values for identifying individuals at risk of NSSI. Folate and vitamin B12 levels, along with the severity of depressive symptoms, are significant factors influencing NSSI in outpatient adolescents with psychiatric disorders. These findings provide empirical evidence for the early screening and identification of high-risk NSSI individuals and support the use of targeted therapeutic strategies, such as folate/vitamin B12 supplementation and the improvement of depressive symptoms, to mitigate NSSI behaviors in this vulnerable population.