<p>Traditional educational practices and psychological measurement methods are often based on specific cultural values and cognitive patterns, ignoring the profound influence of culture on cognitive processes such as learning styles, problem-solving strategies, and memory, resulting in insufficient comprehensive understanding of students. This article aimed to explore how to choose appropriate cognitive methods based on cultural background, in order to improve teaching effectiveness and accuracy of psychological measurement. The cross-cultural comparative research method was adopted to systematically compare the cognitive characteristics, learning strategies, and performance of students from different cultural backgrounds. This method helped to identify cultural differences and better adapt to a multicultural educational environment. Cultural sensitive teaching interventions were implemented, including adjustments in textbook design, teaching strategies, and evaluation methods, to better meet the learning needs of students from different cultures. By conducting a group experiment, one group learned through traditional classroom teaching methods (traditional group), while the other group learned through cognitive methods (cognitive method group) for 6 months. After the experiment, the average score of the traditional group in the learning effect score was 2 points higher than before, while the average score of the cognitive method group was 8.53 points higher than before. This study aimed to better understand and support the learning process of students from diverse cultural backgrounds, and promote the more effective application of cultural diversity in cognitive methodology in educational practice and psychometrics.</p>