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<p>There is a constant stream of research on the effects of rumination on the physical and mental health of college students, especially with regard to depression and anxiety. However, no study has explained why they constantly interact with each other at the level of symptoms. Students from a university in Jiangsu Province, China were involved in. The questionnaires were administered to measure symptoms related to depression, anxiety, and rumination, resulting in a collection of 2184 valid questionnaires. The participants completed the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS). Bayesian network was used to analyze the relationships between the symptoms. RRS-1(“symptom rumination”) exhibited the highest node strength among three dimensions, and within this dimension, RRS6 (“Passive”) and RRS17 (“Sad”) had the highest node strengths. Moreover, PHQ8 (“Slowpoke or fidget”), PHQ2 (“Unhappy”), GAD2 (“Frantic”), and GAD5 (“Fidget”) emerged as core symptoms. RRS-1 (“Symptom rumination”), PHQ9 (“Suicidal ideation”), and GAD7 (“Afraid”) were the most crucial bridging symptoms. Results from the static Bayesian network indicated that rumination is more likely to be an outcome of depression and anxiety. This cross-sectional design revealed the impact of RRS17 (“Sad”) and RRS6 (“Passive”) on anxiety, depression, and other rumination-related symptoms. Targeted interventions aimed at these core symptoms can alleviate anxiety, depression, and rumination simultaneously. However, longitudinal studies are still necessary to investigate the precise causal relationship, in support of our Bayesian network analysis findings that anxiety and depression lead to symptom rumination.</p>

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Unveiling the intricate connection between rumination, depression, and anxiety symptoms in Chinese college students: a network analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Yingxue Wang,
  • Yuhao Wang,
  • Blen Dereje Shiferaw,
  • Yihan Wang,
  • Na Yan,
  • Yunjiao Luo,
  • Louisa Esi Mackay,
  • Yiran Zhu,
  • Wei Wang

摘要

There is a constant stream of research on the effects of rumination on the physical and mental health of college students, especially with regard to depression and anxiety. However, no study has explained why they constantly interact with each other at the level of symptoms. Students from a university in Jiangsu Province, China were involved in. The questionnaires were administered to measure symptoms related to depression, anxiety, and rumination, resulting in a collection of 2184 valid questionnaires. The participants completed the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS). Bayesian network was used to analyze the relationships between the symptoms. RRS-1(“symptom rumination”) exhibited the highest node strength among three dimensions, and within this dimension, RRS6 (“Passive”) and RRS17 (“Sad”) had the highest node strengths. Moreover, PHQ8 (“Slowpoke or fidget”), PHQ2 (“Unhappy”), GAD2 (“Frantic”), and GAD5 (“Fidget”) emerged as core symptoms. RRS-1 (“Symptom rumination”), PHQ9 (“Suicidal ideation”), and GAD7 (“Afraid”) were the most crucial bridging symptoms. Results from the static Bayesian network indicated that rumination is more likely to be an outcome of depression and anxiety. This cross-sectional design revealed the impact of RRS17 (“Sad”) and RRS6 (“Passive”) on anxiety, depression, and other rumination-related symptoms. Targeted interventions aimed at these core symptoms can alleviate anxiety, depression, and rumination simultaneously. However, longitudinal studies are still necessary to investigate the precise causal relationship, in support of our Bayesian network analysis findings that anxiety and depression lead to symptom rumination.