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<p>Positioned within the geopolitically sensitive border regions linking Southeast and East Asia, the Vietnam–China frontier has historically served as a key conduit for narcotics from the Golden Triangle. This study explores the Border Liaison Office (BLO) mechanism along the Vietnam–China border, using the Laocai–Hekou corridor as a case study of cross-border governance in combating drug trafficking. Promoted by the UNODC since the early 2000s, the BLO framework aims to improve real-time intelligence sharing, enforcement coordination, and local cooperation. Due to limited access and sensitive border enforcement, the research relies on secondary sources to address three questions: how BLOs operate in practice, how sovereignty and border governance are managed, and what factors influence their implementation. Findings indicate that BLOs support rapid intelligence exchange, joint investigations, controlled deliveries, and coordinated patrols, leading to measurable enforcement success. However, their effectiveness depends on trust, administrative discretion, and disparities in legal authority and capacity. Variations are evident that Vietnam aligns with UNODC standards on transparency and regional integration, while China emphasizes sovereignty, viewing BLOs as semi-formal or pilot initiatives. The study concludes that BLOs provide a practical, locally grounded mechanism for cross-border policing, yet their success is limited by political asymmetries, contested sovereignty, and uneven institutional commitment, making them both operational tools and symbolic gestures of cooperation.</p>

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Examining the China-Vietnam Border Liaison Office Mechanism in Combating Drug Trafficking: Beyond Borders

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Thuyet Van Nguyen,
  • Rong Gong He,
  • Hai Thanh Luong

摘要

Positioned within the geopolitically sensitive border regions linking Southeast and East Asia, the Vietnam–China frontier has historically served as a key conduit for narcotics from the Golden Triangle. This study explores the Border Liaison Office (BLO) mechanism along the Vietnam–China border, using the Laocai–Hekou corridor as a case study of cross-border governance in combating drug trafficking. Promoted by the UNODC since the early 2000s, the BLO framework aims to improve real-time intelligence sharing, enforcement coordination, and local cooperation. Due to limited access and sensitive border enforcement, the research relies on secondary sources to address three questions: how BLOs operate in practice, how sovereignty and border governance are managed, and what factors influence their implementation. Findings indicate that BLOs support rapid intelligence exchange, joint investigations, controlled deliveries, and coordinated patrols, leading to measurable enforcement success. However, their effectiveness depends on trust, administrative discretion, and disparities in legal authority and capacity. Variations are evident that Vietnam aligns with UNODC standards on transparency and regional integration, while China emphasizes sovereignty, viewing BLOs as semi-formal or pilot initiatives. The study concludes that BLOs provide a practical, locally grounded mechanism for cross-border policing, yet their success is limited by political asymmetries, contested sovereignty, and uneven institutional commitment, making them both operational tools and symbolic gestures of cooperation.