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<p>This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between crises and migration through a case study of recent emigration from Spain. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing both outward and return movements to France and the UK, with an emphasis on the profile of people born in Spain. The analysis compares three key periods: the economic crisis (2008–2014), the post-crisis period (2015–2019), and the COVID-19 period (2020–2021). Using a combination of analysis of flows recorded in official statistics and a sample of 76 semi-structured interviews with young Spaniards with higher education, we identify similarities and differences in migration patterns across the three periods. The results show differences in the structure of flows across the periods, but also a strong continuity in the importance of unemployment, insecurity, and difficulties in transitioning to adulthood in the testimonies. Structural factors predating the 2008 crisis persist beyond the macroeconomic recovery and continue to emerge during the pandemic crisis, revealing how these multi-crises have common roots that stem from a longer trajectory and extend over time.</p>

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Intra-European Migration in Times of Multi-Crisis: The Case of Spain

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Alberto Capote-Lama,
  • Sandra López-Pereiro

摘要

This article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between crises and migration through a case study of recent emigration from Spain. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing both outward and return movements to France and the UK, with an emphasis on the profile of people born in Spain. The analysis compares three key periods: the economic crisis (2008–2014), the post-crisis period (2015–2019), and the COVID-19 period (2020–2021). Using a combination of analysis of flows recorded in official statistics and a sample of 76 semi-structured interviews with young Spaniards with higher education, we identify similarities and differences in migration patterns across the three periods. The results show differences in the structure of flows across the periods, but also a strong continuity in the importance of unemployment, insecurity, and difficulties in transitioning to adulthood in the testimonies. Structural factors predating the 2008 crisis persist beyond the macroeconomic recovery and continue to emerge during the pandemic crisis, revealing how these multi-crises have common roots that stem from a longer trajectory and extend over time.