Gender Bias in the Perception of Masturbation Behavior: Does It Align with Sexual Norms?
摘要
This study examines whether the gender of a hypothetical target individual who engages in solitary masturbation (male: Emilio vs. female: Elena) influences perceivers’ evaluations of sexual satisfaction and agentic attributes (achievement/status, reliability, charisma, leadership/social skills). It also assesses whether endorsement of the Sexual Double Standard (SDS) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) predicts these evaluations. A quasi-experimental between-subjects design was conducted with 292 Spanish cisgender adults (146 men, 146 women; aged 18–32), randomly assigned to evaluate either Emilio (n = 138) or Elena (n = 154). Participants completed a person-perception questionnaire and SDS/SDO scales. Results showed that the female target elicited more positive evaluations across all dimensions, regardless of perceivers’ gender, though differences emerged according to their history of sexual relationships. Greater endorsement of SDS and SDO predicted more gender-biased evaluations, particularly when the target was female. Findings suggest that female masturbation disrupts traditional gender norms and activates hierarchy-preserving attitudes.