<p>Theoretically, this study considers how racial discrimination affects chronic stress, health behaviors, hypertension, and healthcare consumption in African Americans using Critical Race Theory (CRT). The background underscores the fact that systemic racism exists and is a feature of healthcare systems, educational institutions, and any and every daily interaction, which exacerbates stress and causes poor health behaviors, with poor diet and physical inactivity, being a major contributor to the high hypertension prevalence. The methodology consists of a quantitative analysis with the data from the CDC focusing solely on African American individuals’ structural equation modelling, whereas the methodology used here is SmartPLS. The findings indicated that racial discrimination generates chronic stress which mediates unhealthy behaviors and exacerbates hypertension. In addition, the presence of hypertension also drives healthcare utilization behaviors significantly, and the routinely faced discrimination based on race can lead to the underuse of healthcare services. The study concludes that systemic racism and offering stress management programs in the healthcare system would assist in health disparities reduction and health outcomes improvement in marginalized groups. This study adds to the knowledge of health disparities and policy recommendations to mitigate the effects of racial discrimination on access to healthcare and hypertension management.</p>

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Racial Discrimination and Its Effects on Hypertension and Healthcare Access Among African Americans: A Critical Race Theory Approach

  • Arslan Amin

摘要

Theoretically, this study considers how racial discrimination affects chronic stress, health behaviors, hypertension, and healthcare consumption in African Americans using Critical Race Theory (CRT). The background underscores the fact that systemic racism exists and is a feature of healthcare systems, educational institutions, and any and every daily interaction, which exacerbates stress and causes poor health behaviors, with poor diet and physical inactivity, being a major contributor to the high hypertension prevalence. The methodology consists of a quantitative analysis with the data from the CDC focusing solely on African American individuals’ structural equation modelling, whereas the methodology used here is SmartPLS. The findings indicated that racial discrimination generates chronic stress which mediates unhealthy behaviors and exacerbates hypertension. In addition, the presence of hypertension also drives healthcare utilization behaviors significantly, and the routinely faced discrimination based on race can lead to the underuse of healthcare services. The study concludes that systemic racism and offering stress management programs in the healthcare system would assist in health disparities reduction and health outcomes improvement in marginalized groups. This study adds to the knowledge of health disparities and policy recommendations to mitigate the effects of racial discrimination on access to healthcare and hypertension management.