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<p><b>Purpose: </b>Because of their relative rarity, bone and soft tissue lesions of the head and neck region can present a diagnostic challenge to anatomic pathologists who practice in a general surgical pathology model—while novel lesions may be unfamiliar to subspecialty head and neck pathologists. <b>Methods: </b>This review focuses on a diagnostically confounding neoplasm that arises in the bone (primary intraosseous rhabdomyosarcoma / <i>FUS::TFCP2</i>-rearranged spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma) and soft tissue (trans-/de-/undifferentiated melanoma) of the head and neck region—each of which can easily be mistaken for more common entities. <b>Results: </b>The clinical, radiological, and histopathologic findings (including the molecular pathogenesis) of each neoplasm is discussed—along with selected differential diagnoses. <b>Conclusion: </b>The accurate recognition of these neoplasms ensures that patients are reviewed, treated, and followed at the appropriate multidisciplinary meeting.</p>

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Pitfalls in Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology of the Head and Neck: Primary Intraosseous Rhabdomyosarcoma/FUS::TFCP2-Rearranged Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma and Transdifferentiated/Dedifferentiated/Undifferentiated Melanoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Omar Habeeb

摘要

Purpose: Because of their relative rarity, bone and soft tissue lesions of the head and neck region can present a diagnostic challenge to anatomic pathologists who practice in a general surgical pathology model—while novel lesions may be unfamiliar to subspecialty head and neck pathologists. Methods: This review focuses on a diagnostically confounding neoplasm that arises in the bone (primary intraosseous rhabdomyosarcoma / FUS::TFCP2-rearranged spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma) and soft tissue (trans-/de-/undifferentiated melanoma) of the head and neck region—each of which can easily be mistaken for more common entities. Results: The clinical, radiological, and histopathologic findings (including the molecular pathogenesis) of each neoplasm is discussed—along with selected differential diagnoses. Conclusion: The accurate recognition of these neoplasms ensures that patients are reviewed, treated, and followed at the appropriate multidisciplinary meeting.