<p>Early and accurate detection of diseases is of great significance for enhancing treatment outcomes and improving patient prognosis. The emergence of single-cell sequencing technology has brought new opportunities for this. This technology breaks through the limitations of traditional sequencing and can analyze the genome, transcriptome, etc. at the single-cell level, clearly demonstrating the heterogeneity between cells. In neurological diseases, single-cell sequencing can reveal the changes in gene expression of nerve cells in the early stage of the disease, facilitating early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Although single-cell sequencing has broad prospects in disease detection, it faces challenges such as complex data processing and high detection costs. With the continuous advancement of technology, single-cell sequencing is expected to become a key means for accurate disease detection, bringing about a revolution in clinical diagnosis.</p>