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<p>Pharmaceutical supply chains are complex structures that span organizational and regional borders and serve as the backbone of critical services in everyday life. Several techniques were developed to ensure efficient drug safety in the pharmaceutical supply chain. However, some limitations were obtained&#xa0;that reduced the overall performance of those techniques, including high computational complexity, low performance, complex structure, and so on. To address these issues, the proposed technique introduces a secure blockchain with transaction privacy protection based on sharding technology named Blockchain-based Secure Sharding Framework (BSSF). The main objective of this technique is to ensure efficient drug safety in the pharmaceutical supply chain with higher throughput. The improved unspent transaction output (UTXO) model serves as a sharding layer, grouping user transactions into a single block. The consensus layer is then conducted using the Improved Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus method, which validates the transaction and generates a new trustworthy block to store the data. The Dual-leader Observation Strategy is used to select the leader node from each shard to validate the transaction. The proposed BSSF technique compares its performance to other relevant techniques to determine its efficiency. The throughput of the BSSF is obtained to be 4.24 Mbps for 100 transactions, 4.57 Mbps for 200 transactions, 5.13 Mbps for 300 transactions, 5.56 Mbps for 400 transactions and 6.34 Mbps for 600 transactions. Similarly, the performance of the BSSF is analyzed for varying numbers of transactions to describe its superiority over other related techniques.</p>

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A novel approach for ensuring drug safety in the pharmaceutical supply Chain by using IoT devices and blockchain technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Gadde Pranitha,
  • P. V. Lakshmi

摘要

Pharmaceutical supply chains are complex structures that span organizational and regional borders and serve as the backbone of critical services in everyday life. Several techniques were developed to ensure efficient drug safety in the pharmaceutical supply chain. However, some limitations were obtained that reduced the overall performance of those techniques, including high computational complexity, low performance, complex structure, and so on. To address these issues, the proposed technique introduces a secure blockchain with transaction privacy protection based on sharding technology named Blockchain-based Secure Sharding Framework (BSSF). The main objective of this technique is to ensure efficient drug safety in the pharmaceutical supply chain with higher throughput. The improved unspent transaction output (UTXO) model serves as a sharding layer, grouping user transactions into a single block. The consensus layer is then conducted using the Improved Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus method, which validates the transaction and generates a new trustworthy block to store the data. The Dual-leader Observation Strategy is used to select the leader node from each shard to validate the transaction. The proposed BSSF technique compares its performance to other relevant techniques to determine its efficiency. The throughput of the BSSF is obtained to be 4.24 Mbps for 100 transactions, 4.57 Mbps for 200 transactions, 5.13 Mbps for 300 transactions, 5.56 Mbps for 400 transactions and 6.34 Mbps for 600 transactions. Similarly, the performance of the BSSF is analyzed for varying numbers of transactions to describe its superiority over other related techniques.