Unified modeling and evaluation of availability and power consumption in the internet of things

The Internet of Things (IoT) has immense potential for new services, but faces significant challenges, primarily energy and processing power limitations. Given the environmental impact and importance of green energy, efficient energy management is crucial for IoT systems and networks. As IoT systems operate in diverse environments, it is essential to analyze energy consumption and availability before deployment to avoid financial losses, environmental damages, and potential safety risks. This paper proposes a model for analyzing energy consumption and availability in IoT systems, focusing on improving energy efficiency through quantitative evaluation. The model, which utilizes stochastic activity networks (SANs), includes battery and node sub-models and has been validated through scenarios that measure availability and energy consumption, exploring methods to enhance system availability.