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<p>In freshwater and marine environments, cyanobacteria can overgrow and accumulate at the water’s surface, forming surface scum. These phenomena disrupt aquatic food webs and degrade water quality. The occurrences are often sporadic and difficult to predict based on environmental factors alone. In this study, we investigate a model of vertical migration for a cyanobacterial colony in a water column. The model reveals a range of steady-state vertical migration patterns, including diurnal, bidiurnal, and chaotic behaviors, depending on colony size and maximum irradiance. Surface scum formation occurs sporadically, either disappearing rapidly or persisting for over a day during chaotic vertical migrations. These findings suggest that the unpredictability of surface scum formation may arise from cyanobacterial physiology itself—particularly under intense light conditions—rather than solely from external environmental factors.</p>

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Fundamental unpredictability in the vertical migration of cyanobacteria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月20日

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  • Kohei Yoshiyama,
  • Takuma Sawa,
  • Yoko Yoshiyama

摘要

In freshwater and marine environments, cyanobacteria can overgrow and accumulate at the water’s surface, forming surface scum. These phenomena disrupt aquatic food webs and degrade water quality. The occurrences are often sporadic and difficult to predict based on environmental factors alone. In this study, we investigate a model of vertical migration for a cyanobacterial colony in a water column. The model reveals a range of steady-state vertical migration patterns, including diurnal, bidiurnal, and chaotic behaviors, depending on colony size and maximum irradiance. Surface scum formation occurs sporadically, either disappearing rapidly or persisting for over a day during chaotic vertical migrations. These findings suggest that the unpredictability of surface scum formation may arise from cyanobacterial physiology itself—particularly under intense light conditions—rather than solely from external environmental factors.