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<p>This research sought to assess the occurrence of hidden hearing loss among hypertensive individuals by using extended high frequency audiometry (EHFA). Additionally, it aimed to examine the relationship between blood pressure levels and cochlear dysfunction within both standard and extended frequency ranges.&#xa0;An observational comparative based study was carried out at Adesh Medical College and Hospital in Haryana. A total of seventy-seven hypertensive patients, aged between 30 and 50 years (with systolic BP &gt; 130 mmHg, diastolic BP &gt; 80 mmHg, and a duration of hypertension exceeding 5 years), were recruited alongside 77 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Hearing thresholds were assessed utilizing standard pure tone audiometry (PTA) across frequencies of 250 to 8000&#xa0;Hz and extended high-frequency audiometry (EHFA) from 9000 to 16,000&#xa0;Hz. The pure tone average was computed at frequencies of 500, 1000, and 2000&#xa0;Hz. The statistical analysis encompassed Shapiro-Wilk tests, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and Pearson correlation, all performed using SPSS version 27.0.&#xa0;Sensorineural hearing loss was observed in 37.66% of hypertensive patients through standard audiometry, with a predominance of mild cases (93.1%). Among 48 hypertensive individuals exhibiting normal conventional audiometric thresholds, EHFA identified elevated high-frequency thresholds in 33 patients (68.75%), suggesting previously unrecognized cochlear dysfunction. The mean EHFA thresholds were significantly elevated in the study group compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant relationship between blood pressure and hearing thresholds across all frequencies tested (250–16000&#xa0;Hz) within the study group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, uncontrolled hypertension was significantly linked to a greater prevalence of hearing loss when compared to well-controlled hypertension (72.42% vs. 27.58%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).&#xa0;Hypertension is closely linked to cochlear dysfunction, especially impacting extended high frequencies prior to the detection of conventional audiometric alterations. EHFA serves as a sensitive and essential instrument for the early detection of hearing loss in individuals with hypertension, particularly in those with poorly managed blood pressure. It is advisable to conduct routine EHFA screenings within hypertensive groups to facilitate early intervention and avert the advancement of auditory impairment.</p>

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Extended High Frequency Audiometry as an Early Detector of Cochlear Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Reetika Reetika,
  • Ravneet Kaur,
  • Diksha Diksha,
  • Chetna Sharma,
  • Kondru Sahrudai,
  • Gurchand Singh,
  • G. P. S. Gill,
  • Sudhir Kumar

摘要

This research sought to assess the occurrence of hidden hearing loss among hypertensive individuals by using extended high frequency audiometry (EHFA). Additionally, it aimed to examine the relationship between blood pressure levels and cochlear dysfunction within both standard and extended frequency ranges. An observational comparative based study was carried out at Adesh Medical College and Hospital in Haryana. A total of seventy-seven hypertensive patients, aged between 30 and 50 years (with systolic BP > 130 mmHg, diastolic BP > 80 mmHg, and a duration of hypertension exceeding 5 years), were recruited alongside 77 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Hearing thresholds were assessed utilizing standard pure tone audiometry (PTA) across frequencies of 250 to 8000 Hz and extended high-frequency audiometry (EHFA) from 9000 to 16,000 Hz. The pure tone average was computed at frequencies of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. The statistical analysis encompassed Shapiro-Wilk tests, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and Pearson correlation, all performed using SPSS version 27.0. Sensorineural hearing loss was observed in 37.66% of hypertensive patients through standard audiometry, with a predominance of mild cases (93.1%). Among 48 hypertensive individuals exhibiting normal conventional audiometric thresholds, EHFA identified elevated high-frequency thresholds in 33 patients (68.75%), suggesting previously unrecognized cochlear dysfunction. The mean EHFA thresholds were significantly elevated in the study group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant relationship between blood pressure and hearing thresholds across all frequencies tested (250–16000 Hz) within the study group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, uncontrolled hypertension was significantly linked to a greater prevalence of hearing loss when compared to well-controlled hypertension (72.42% vs. 27.58%, p < 0.05). Hypertension is closely linked to cochlear dysfunction, especially impacting extended high frequencies prior to the detection of conventional audiometric alterations. EHFA serves as a sensitive and essential instrument for the early detection of hearing loss in individuals with hypertension, particularly in those with poorly managed blood pressure. It is advisable to conduct routine EHFA screenings within hypertensive groups to facilitate early intervention and avert the advancement of auditory impairment.