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<p>Sarcocystis is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes intestinal infection in humans but may get encysted within skeletal muscle. The coexistence of sarcocystosis with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is documented only rarely. We report two incidentally detected cases of muscular sarcocystosis in surgical resection specimens of OSCC. Patients 1 and 2, both middle-aged males, underwent upfront surgical resection for OSCC. Both tumours showed typical histological features of SCC. The skeletal muscle fibres from the adjacent tongue in patient 1 and the sternocleidomastoid in patient 2 showed characteristic intramuscular sarcocysts with a thick eosinophilic wall and bradyzoites within the cysts. There was no associated inflammation or foreign-body granulomatous response. Serological testing helped exclude toxoplasmosis and supported the histological diagnosis. These two cases document the coexistence of sarcocystosis with OSCC and highlight the diagnostic morphological features and possible implications of this rare finding. Awareness of this entity is important to avoid misdiagnosis with other parasitic infections such as toxoplasmosis and to improve recognition of incidental muscular sarcocystosis in head and neck surgical specimens.</p>

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The Curious Case of Cysts Alongside Cancer: Incidentally Detected Sarcocystosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Resections

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Snehvarsha Bhagat,
  • Nivedhitha Murugesan,
  • Karthika Chettuvatti,
  • Durre Aden,
  • Nishant Verma,
  • Rajeev Kumar,
  • Hitesh Verma,
  • Aanchal Kakkar

摘要

Sarcocystis is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes intestinal infection in humans but may get encysted within skeletal muscle. The coexistence of sarcocystosis with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is documented only rarely. We report two incidentally detected cases of muscular sarcocystosis in surgical resection specimens of OSCC. Patients 1 and 2, both middle-aged males, underwent upfront surgical resection for OSCC. Both tumours showed typical histological features of SCC. The skeletal muscle fibres from the adjacent tongue in patient 1 and the sternocleidomastoid in patient 2 showed characteristic intramuscular sarcocysts with a thick eosinophilic wall and bradyzoites within the cysts. There was no associated inflammation or foreign-body granulomatous response. Serological testing helped exclude toxoplasmosis and supported the histological diagnosis. These two cases document the coexistence of sarcocystosis with OSCC and highlight the diagnostic morphological features and possible implications of this rare finding. Awareness of this entity is important to avoid misdiagnosis with other parasitic infections such as toxoplasmosis and to improve recognition of incidental muscular sarcocystosis in head and neck surgical specimens.