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<p>Hearing loss is a common complication of sickle cell disease encountered in otorhinolaryngology clinics. Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, located in central Tanzania, serves a large number of patients with sickle cell disease and has recently established a bone marrow transplant unit. Despite these advancements, no published study has assessed the burden of hearing loss in this vulnerable population, a gap that this study aimed to address. A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2025, enrolling 281 patients using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant. A total of 281 participants were enrolled, with males predominating, 170 (60.5%). The overall prevalence of hearing loss among patients with sickle cell disease was 11.0%, highest in those aged 10–20 years,14 (45.2%) and lowest in those over 30 years, 6 (9.7%). Sensorineural hearing loss was the most common type, 15(48.4%), followed by conductive and mixed types, where each accounted for 8(25.8%) cases. Bilateral hearing loss predominated, 29(93.5%), and mild hearing loss was the most frequent severity, 13(41.9%), while severe hearing loss was the least common, 5(16.1%) as per severity classification of hearing loss. Hearing loss was common among patients with sickle cell disease, with bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss being the most frequent pattern. The notable prevalence of profound hearing loss highlights the need for routine audiological screening to enable early diagnosis, prompt management, and appropriate rehabilitation.</p>

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Prevalence and Patterns of Hearing Loss in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease at a Tertiary Hospital in Dodoma, Tanzania

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Zephania Saitabau Abraham,
  • Muhaji Mohamed Salumu

摘要

Hearing loss is a common complication of sickle cell disease encountered in otorhinolaryngology clinics. Benjamin Mkapa Hospital, located in central Tanzania, serves a large number of patients with sickle cell disease and has recently established a bone marrow transplant unit. Despite these advancements, no published study has assessed the burden of hearing loss in this vulnerable population, a gap that this study aimed to address. A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2025, enrolling 281 patients using a convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. A total of 281 participants were enrolled, with males predominating, 170 (60.5%). The overall prevalence of hearing loss among patients with sickle cell disease was 11.0%, highest in those aged 10–20 years,14 (45.2%) and lowest in those over 30 years, 6 (9.7%). Sensorineural hearing loss was the most common type, 15(48.4%), followed by conductive and mixed types, where each accounted for 8(25.8%) cases. Bilateral hearing loss predominated, 29(93.5%), and mild hearing loss was the most frequent severity, 13(41.9%), while severe hearing loss was the least common, 5(16.1%) as per severity classification of hearing loss. Hearing loss was common among patients with sickle cell disease, with bilateral mild sensorineural hearing loss being the most frequent pattern. The notable prevalence of profound hearing loss highlights the need for routine audiological screening to enable early diagnosis, prompt management, and appropriate rehabilitation.