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<p>Tuberculosis is commonly seen in endemic countries like India. Even though tuberculosis commonly affects people with low immunity, it is known to occur in seemingly healthy individuals with poor socioeconomic status. Tuberculosis of the maxillofacial region is an uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Here, we report a series of four cases with different presentations of tuberculosis of the maxillofacial region, highlighting the diverse clinical presentations of maxillofacial TB. Imaging studies such as contrast-enhanced CT and MRI provided critical insights into the lesion’s extent. Still, definitive diagnosis relied on microbiological and histopathological confirmation through CBNAAT, AFB staining, and PCR for TB DNA. All patients in this series responded favourably to ATT, demonstrating the effectiveness of this regimen in achieving clinical resolution. Given the increasing global burden, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for TB in patients with unexplained oral, facial, or neck lesions, particularly in endemic areas.</p>

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Exploring the Spectrum of Maxillofacial Tuberculosis: Case Series and Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Sathish Kumar Varimalla,
  • Geeta Rani,
  • Meghashyam Khyathi,
  • Jaseetha Sasidharan

摘要

Tuberculosis is commonly seen in endemic countries like India. Even though tuberculosis commonly affects people with low immunity, it is known to occur in seemingly healthy individuals with poor socioeconomic status. Tuberculosis of the maxillofacial region is an uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Here, we report a series of four cases with different presentations of tuberculosis of the maxillofacial region, highlighting the diverse clinical presentations of maxillofacial TB. Imaging studies such as contrast-enhanced CT and MRI provided critical insights into the lesion’s extent. Still, definitive diagnosis relied on microbiological and histopathological confirmation through CBNAAT, AFB staining, and PCR for TB DNA. All patients in this series responded favourably to ATT, demonstrating the effectiveness of this regimen in achieving clinical resolution. Given the increasing global burden, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for TB in patients with unexplained oral, facial, or neck lesions, particularly in endemic areas.