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<p>Primary melanomas of the head and neck are rare (0.7–3.8% of all melanomas) with scant Indian data. This retrospective study analysed sites of occurrence, failure patterns, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in head and neck melanomas treated at a tertiary cancer centre. Records of patients with histologically confirmed head and neck melanoma (1999–2022) were reviewed and classified as mucosal, cutaneous or ocular. Survival was calculated from treatment initiation; lost to follow-up were censored. Kaplan-Meier method and SPSS v20.0 were used. Twenty-four patients: 71% mucosal (2 sinonasal, 15 oral), 17% cutaneous, 12% ocular; median age 53 years (10–79); M: F 15:9. One inoperable case (supportive care) excluded. Complete resection in 22; neck dissection in 19 (3 bilateral). Adjuvant radiotherapy in 16. Median follow-up 13 months (3–183). Five-year DFS 25.4%, OS 31.3%. Three-year DFS/OS: mucosal 18.8/43.3%, cutaneous 25/25%, ocular 66/66.7%. Margin positivity significantly worsened DFS in mucosal cases (<i>P</i> = 0.045). Head and neck melanomas carry poor prognosis. Surgery with negative margins is pivotal; adjuvant radiotherapy enhances locoregional control without survival gain. Multicentric studies are essential to optimise systemic therapy.</p>

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Primary Melanomas of the Head and Neck: An Analysis from a Tertiary Cancer Center in India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Shobana Sekhar,
  • Arvind Krishnamurthy,
  • Srikamakshi Kothandaraman,
  • V. Venktesh,
  • V. Manikandan,
  • Arun Kumar

摘要

Primary melanomas of the head and neck are rare (0.7–3.8% of all melanomas) with scant Indian data. This retrospective study analysed sites of occurrence, failure patterns, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in head and neck melanomas treated at a tertiary cancer centre. Records of patients with histologically confirmed head and neck melanoma (1999–2022) were reviewed and classified as mucosal, cutaneous or ocular. Survival was calculated from treatment initiation; lost to follow-up were censored. Kaplan-Meier method and SPSS v20.0 were used. Twenty-four patients: 71% mucosal (2 sinonasal, 15 oral), 17% cutaneous, 12% ocular; median age 53 years (10–79); M: F 15:9. One inoperable case (supportive care) excluded. Complete resection in 22; neck dissection in 19 (3 bilateral). Adjuvant radiotherapy in 16. Median follow-up 13 months (3–183). Five-year DFS 25.4%, OS 31.3%. Three-year DFS/OS: mucosal 18.8/43.3%, cutaneous 25/25%, ocular 66/66.7%. Margin positivity significantly worsened DFS in mucosal cases (P = 0.045). Head and neck melanomas carry poor prognosis. Surgery with negative margins is pivotal; adjuvant radiotherapy enhances locoregional control without survival gain. Multicentric studies are essential to optimise systemic therapy.