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<p>Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) remains a leading cause of preventable hearing loss, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity vary geographically and are influenced by age and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus. This study was undertaken to determine the aerobic bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of CSOM in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu, with subgroup analysis for diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2025 in the ENT department of a tertiary hospital. Seventy-nine patients with CSOM were enrolled. Ear discharge was collected aseptically and processed for aerobic culture. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method for amikacin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin–tazobactam, and tobramycin. Staphylococcus aureus (44.3%) was the most common isolate, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.2%), Klebsiella spp. (8.9%), Escherichia coli (5.1%), Proteus spp. (3.8%), Enterobacter spp. (2.5%), and Citrobacter spp. (1.3%). In diabetics, gram-negative bacilli predominated (57.2%). S. aureus showed highest sensitivity to amikacin (91%), gentamicin (88%), piperacillin–tazobactam (95%), imipenem (100%), and meropenem (100%). P. aeruginosa was most sensitive to imipenem (95%), meropenem (95%), piperacillin–tazobactam (92%), and ciprofloxacin (78%), but resistant to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. Antibiotic resistance in our culture and sensitivity study showed high resistance to ampicillin (60–100%) and cotrimoxazole (48–100%) across the bacterial isolates. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are the predominant CSOM pathogens. Aminoglycosides, carbapenems, and piperacillin–tazobactam are highly effective, while ampicillin and cotrimoxazole are ineffective. Empirical therapy should be guided by age- and comorbidity-specific antibiograms.</p>

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Bacteriology and antibiotic sensitivity in chronic suppurative otitis media in a tertiary hospital in Tamil nadu

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Susan Alice Peter,
  • Rani George,
  • R. Muthukumar,
  • S. Rajasekaran,
  • S. Prabakaran,
  • R. B. Namasivaya Navin,
  • D. Balaji,
  • K. Gowthame,
  • B. Sarath Kumar

摘要

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) remains a leading cause of preventable hearing loss, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity vary geographically and are influenced by age and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus. This study was undertaken to determine the aerobic bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of CSOM in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu, with subgroup analysis for diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2025 in the ENT department of a tertiary hospital. Seventy-nine patients with CSOM were enrolled. Ear discharge was collected aseptically and processed for aerobic culture. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method for amikacin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin–tazobactam, and tobramycin. Staphylococcus aureus (44.3%) was the most common isolate, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.2%), Klebsiella spp. (8.9%), Escherichia coli (5.1%), Proteus spp. (3.8%), Enterobacter spp. (2.5%), and Citrobacter spp. (1.3%). In diabetics, gram-negative bacilli predominated (57.2%). S. aureus showed highest sensitivity to amikacin (91%), gentamicin (88%), piperacillin–tazobactam (95%), imipenem (100%), and meropenem (100%). P. aeruginosa was most sensitive to imipenem (95%), meropenem (95%), piperacillin–tazobactam (92%), and ciprofloxacin (78%), but resistant to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. Antibiotic resistance in our culture and sensitivity study showed high resistance to ampicillin (60–100%) and cotrimoxazole (48–100%) across the bacterial isolates. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are the predominant CSOM pathogens. Aminoglycosides, carbapenems, and piperacillin–tazobactam are highly effective, while ampicillin and cotrimoxazole are ineffective. Empirical therapy should be guided by age- and comorbidity-specific antibiograms.