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<p>Ectopic thyroid glandular pathologies can be a diagnostic and treatment challenge. These patients are often asymptomatic or when symptomatic, a neck swelling anywhere along the location of the thyroglossal tract is most common. About 70% of patients develop hypothyroidism, a phenomenon thought to be caused by disrupted vascular supply secondary to abnormal migration of the thyroid. Development of multinodular goitre in ectopic thyroid gland in the submandibular region is extremely rare. Surgical intervention is warranted for compressive or cosmetic reasons or very seldom in the event of malignant transformation. Diagnosis is based on FNAC and imaging. Iodine scan is recommended to document the presence or absence of other functioning thyroid tissue. Cytopathology is essential to rule out presence of malignancy. Complete resection and adequate thyroxine supplementation as required, yields good long-term outcomes. We report a case of ectopic location of thyroid gland in the bilateral submandibular region.</p>

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Submandibular Thyroid Gland: Challenges, Diagnosis and Management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月20日

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  • Sonam Khokhar,
  • Neeti Kapre Gupta,
  • Sonal Meshram,
  • Kyvalya Turlapati,
  • Madan Kapre

摘要

Ectopic thyroid glandular pathologies can be a diagnostic and treatment challenge. These patients are often asymptomatic or when symptomatic, a neck swelling anywhere along the location of the thyroglossal tract is most common. About 70% of patients develop hypothyroidism, a phenomenon thought to be caused by disrupted vascular supply secondary to abnormal migration of the thyroid. Development of multinodular goitre in ectopic thyroid gland in the submandibular region is extremely rare. Surgical intervention is warranted for compressive or cosmetic reasons or very seldom in the event of malignant transformation. Diagnosis is based on FNAC and imaging. Iodine scan is recommended to document the presence or absence of other functioning thyroid tissue. Cytopathology is essential to rule out presence of malignancy. Complete resection and adequate thyroxine supplementation as required, yields good long-term outcomes. We report a case of ectopic location of thyroid gland in the bilateral submandibular region.