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<p>Mucormycosis is an aggressive angio-invasive fungal infection caused by molds in the order Mucorales, which has gained worldwide attention due to its increasing incidence. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the prevalence of mucormycosis, especially among diabetic and immunocompromised patients. This article discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and challenges associated with mucormycosis, focusing on post-COVID-19 trends. To analyze epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical features of mucormycosis around the globe and in India, focusing on the association with COVID-19. The review consisted of literature existing to date from 2004 up to 2023 case reports, as well as epidemiological studies from peer-reviewed journals and international health databases. The most relevant aspects were studied regarding ROCM case reports, post-COVID-19 trends, and new risk factors for diabetic and immunocompromised patients. Data demonstrates alarming increases in mucormycosis during COVID-19, especially in India. The important ones concerning new risk factors that it brought before were uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, steroids, and extended stay in the hospital. Rhinocerebral orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, and disseminated ones have a fatal case mortality of over 50% in critically ill patients. Delays in diagnosis and treatment commonly worsen outcomes. Early surgical debridement combined with antifungal therapy like liposomal amphotericin B remains the cornerstone of management. Mucormycosis is an emergent public health problem compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. Improved awareness, early diagnosis, and combining surgical and medical interventions will mitigate morbidity and mortality. Future research should emphasize improvements in diagnostic methods, resistance patterns to antifungals, and new therapeutic drugs.</p>

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Comprehensive Review of Mucormycosis: Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Risk Factors, and Post-COVID-19 Insights Across Global and Indian Perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Pramod Borghare,
  • Disha Amar Methwani,
  • Nitin Deosthale,
  • Vivek Harkare,
  • Kiran Kulsange,
  • Priyanka Kamble,
  • Shruti Jagtap,
  • Raza Sheikh

摘要

Mucormycosis is an aggressive angio-invasive fungal infection caused by molds in the order Mucorales, which has gained worldwide attention due to its increasing incidence. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the prevalence of mucormycosis, especially among diabetic and immunocompromised patients. This article discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and challenges associated with mucormycosis, focusing on post-COVID-19 trends. To analyze epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical features of mucormycosis around the globe and in India, focusing on the association with COVID-19. The review consisted of literature existing to date from 2004 up to 2023 case reports, as well as epidemiological studies from peer-reviewed journals and international health databases. The most relevant aspects were studied regarding ROCM case reports, post-COVID-19 trends, and new risk factors for diabetic and immunocompromised patients. Data demonstrates alarming increases in mucormycosis during COVID-19, especially in India. The important ones concerning new risk factors that it brought before were uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, steroids, and extended stay in the hospital. Rhinocerebral orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, and disseminated ones have a fatal case mortality of over 50% in critically ill patients. Delays in diagnosis and treatment commonly worsen outcomes. Early surgical debridement combined with antifungal therapy like liposomal amphotericin B remains the cornerstone of management. Mucormycosis is an emergent public health problem compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. Improved awareness, early diagnosis, and combining surgical and medical interventions will mitigate morbidity and mortality. Future research should emphasize improvements in diagnostic methods, resistance patterns to antifungals, and new therapeutic drugs.