Scholarlink

<p>Cranial nerve dysfunctions pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for otorhinolaryngology, with a wide range of clinical presentations requiring detailed assessment. A thorough understanding of cranial nerves is especially important for otorhinolaryngologists, as these nerves are frequently involved in diseases of the ear, nose, head, and neck. A systematic cranial nerve examination can serve as the foundation of clinical assessment, helping to localise and characterise lesions. With the advent of endoscopic skull base surgeries, the importance of cranial nerves has expanded, leading to better surgical outcomes. This study assesses the clinical spectrum of cranial nerve dysfunctions from an otorhinolaryngologist’s perspective to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment effectiveness. To share an ENT surgeon’s perspective concerning cranial nerves and its varied presentations. This retrospective study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital &amp; Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India, from 2018 to 2024. The study population comprised 233 patients diagnosed with cranial nerve dysfunction. Data on patient history, clinical presentation, nasal endoscopic findings, radiological investigations, and final diagnoses were systematically collected, corroborated, and analysed. In this study involving 233 patients, Cranial Nerve I was affected in 62 cases, accounting for 26.6% of the patients, with pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses being the primary causes. Cranial Nerves II, III, IV, and VI were collectively involved in 19 cases (8.2%), of which 5 cases were due to orbital cellulitis. Cranial Nerve V was affected in 16 cases (6.9%), with trigeminal neuralgia and herpes zoster infection being the most common conditions diagnosed. The most frequently affected nerve was Cranial Nerve VII, with 79 cases (34%), mainly caused by Bell’s palsy. Cranial Nerve VIII was involved in 40 cases (17%), with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss being the most common cause. Lastly, Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI, and XII were collectively affected in 17 cases (7.3%), with Schwannomas accounting for half of these cases. Dysfunction of the upper cranial nerves (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) are mainly linked to pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Middle cranial nerves (VII, VIII) are most frequently linked to otological and temporal bone conditions. Lower cranial nerves (IX, X, XI, XII) dysfunctions are mostly caused by neoplastic pathologies, including schwannomas, thyroid cancers, These results underscore the importance of comprehensive cranial nerve examination in otorhinolaryngology for early and accurate diagnosis, which is vital for improving patient outcomes.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Cranial Nerves - An ENT Surgeon’s Perspective

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

查看全文
  • M. Mohan Raj,
  • Ashwin Ashok Jaiswal,
  • Neeta Sharma,
  • Prachi mene,
  • Girish Umredkar,
  • Navdeep Singh

摘要

Cranial nerve dysfunctions pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for otorhinolaryngology, with a wide range of clinical presentations requiring detailed assessment. A thorough understanding of cranial nerves is especially important for otorhinolaryngologists, as these nerves are frequently involved in diseases of the ear, nose, head, and neck. A systematic cranial nerve examination can serve as the foundation of clinical assessment, helping to localise and characterise lesions. With the advent of endoscopic skull base surgeries, the importance of cranial nerves has expanded, leading to better surgical outcomes. This study assesses the clinical spectrum of cranial nerve dysfunctions from an otorhinolaryngologist’s perspective to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment effectiveness. To share an ENT surgeon’s perspective concerning cranial nerves and its varied presentations. This retrospective study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India, from 2018 to 2024. The study population comprised 233 patients diagnosed with cranial nerve dysfunction. Data on patient history, clinical presentation, nasal endoscopic findings, radiological investigations, and final diagnoses were systematically collected, corroborated, and analysed. In this study involving 233 patients, Cranial Nerve I was affected in 62 cases, accounting for 26.6% of the patients, with pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses being the primary causes. Cranial Nerves II, III, IV, and VI were collectively involved in 19 cases (8.2%), of which 5 cases were due to orbital cellulitis. Cranial Nerve V was affected in 16 cases (6.9%), with trigeminal neuralgia and herpes zoster infection being the most common conditions diagnosed. The most frequently affected nerve was Cranial Nerve VII, with 79 cases (34%), mainly caused by Bell’s palsy. Cranial Nerve VIII was involved in 40 cases (17%), with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss being the most common cause. Lastly, Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI, and XII were collectively affected in 17 cases (7.3%), with Schwannomas accounting for half of these cases. Dysfunction of the upper cranial nerves (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) are mainly linked to pathologies of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Middle cranial nerves (VII, VIII) are most frequently linked to otological and temporal bone conditions. Lower cranial nerves (IX, X, XI, XII) dysfunctions are mostly caused by neoplastic pathologies, including schwannomas, thyroid cancers, These results underscore the importance of comprehensive cranial nerve examination in otorhinolaryngology for early and accurate diagnosis, which is vital for improving patient outcomes.