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Objectives <p>Recent years have documented an upsurge in the number of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) cases in the young community, which is of grave concern. This study was envisaged to evaluate the demographic profile and clinico-pathologic characteristics of young OSCC patients (≤ 40 years of age) and understand the influence of risk factors.</p> Materials and methods <p>Clinical records of 118 young patients diagnosed with OSCC in the last decade (2013–2023), were extracted from the documents of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department and details like age, gender, habits, lymph node status and histopathologic grading were tabulated and analyzed statistically.</p> Results <p>Out of 556 cases of malignancies reported in the oral cavity, 77.7% were diagnosed as OSCCs. A substantially larger number of cases were seen in the young (27.3%) patients. Mean age for both genders was 34.09 ± 4.939 years. (Range 30–39). Maximum patients were in Group II &gt; 31–40 years (74.6%). Males (86.4%) were more affected than females (13.6%). Buccal mucosa/alveolar ridge was the most frequent site for OSCC lesion and 51.7% patients had at least one risk habit. Applying chi-square test, positive lymph node status demonstrated a significant correlation ((<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) with histopathologic grading.</p> Conclusion <p>Increasing number of OSCC cases in the young Indian sub-population is a matter of grave concern. The addiction of tobacco remains the mainstay for causing oral cancer in young people. Early diagnosis of OSCC in young individuals can help improve the mortality and morbidity associated with OSCC.</p> Novelty and impact <p>Despite several studies analyzing the epidemiological trends of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) globally, the occurence of oral cancer in the young individuals is still not well-documented. The current epidemiological research focuses on the clinico-pathologic analysis of OSCC cases in the young patients (≤ 40 years) as recent years have witnessed a sharp rise in the number of oral cancer patients in different geographic regions, which is a cause for grave concern.</p>

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Descriptive Analysis of Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Young Population: A Cause for Concern

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Preeti Sharma,
  • Vijay Wadhwan,
  • Sonam Tyagi,
  • Rishabh Sharma,
  • G. P. Suhasini,
  • Roli Singh

摘要

Objectives

Recent years have documented an upsurge in the number of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) cases in the young community, which is of grave concern. This study was envisaged to evaluate the demographic profile and clinico-pathologic characteristics of young OSCC patients (≤ 40 years of age) and understand the influence of risk factors.

Materials and methods

Clinical records of 118 young patients diagnosed with OSCC in the last decade (2013–2023), were extracted from the documents of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department and details like age, gender, habits, lymph node status and histopathologic grading were tabulated and analyzed statistically.

Results

Out of 556 cases of malignancies reported in the oral cavity, 77.7% were diagnosed as OSCCs. A substantially larger number of cases were seen in the young (27.3%) patients. Mean age for both genders was 34.09 ± 4.939 years. (Range 30–39). Maximum patients were in Group II > 31–40 years (74.6%). Males (86.4%) were more affected than females (13.6%). Buccal mucosa/alveolar ridge was the most frequent site for OSCC lesion and 51.7% patients had at least one risk habit. Applying chi-square test, positive lymph node status demonstrated a significant correlation ((p < 0.001) with histopathologic grading.

Conclusion

Increasing number of OSCC cases in the young Indian sub-population is a matter of grave concern. The addiction of tobacco remains the mainstay for causing oral cancer in young people. Early diagnosis of OSCC in young individuals can help improve the mortality and morbidity associated with OSCC.

Novelty and impact

Despite several studies analyzing the epidemiological trends of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) globally, the occurence of oral cancer in the young individuals is still not well-documented. The current epidemiological research focuses on the clinico-pathologic analysis of OSCC cases in the young patients (≤ 40 years) as recent years have witnessed a sharp rise in the number of oral cancer patients in different geographic regions, which is a cause for grave concern.