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<p>Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a growing concern among young people due to frequent exposure to high sound levels during leisure activities. It results in elevated hearing thresholds caused by metabolic and mechanical damage to the organ of Corti. While occupational noise exposure has declined, social noise has tripled. Young adults often use personal audio devices or attend loud venues at unsafe volumes, increasing their risk of hearing damage. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of hearing loss due to recreational noise exposure and examine its correlation with exposure duration during leisure activities. A cross-sectional study was conducted among young adults (18–30 years) at Government Medical College, Kozhikode. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained before participants completed a questionnaire on noise exposure. Audiological tests, including Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Speech Reception Threshold (SRT), Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE), and tympanometry, were performed. Hearing loss prevalence was calculated, and associations with exposure duration and self-estimated loudness were analyzed using SPSS software. Among 213 participants (127 females, 59.6%; 86 males, 40.4%), PTA detected hearing loss in 20 (8.9%)—11 had bilateral loss, 8 had right ear loss, and 1 had left ear loss. Two showed a dip at 4000&#xa0;Hz, and one at 8000&#xa0;Hz. DPOAE screening showed “refer” results in 6 participants—4 bilaterally and 2 in the right ear. Of 60 participants who listened to music at high volume using headphones, 47 (78.3%) were younger than 25 years. Among those with hearing loss, 15 (75%) were under 25, while 5 (25%) were older. Hearing loss affected 45% males and 55% females, but the difference was not statistically significant. More females (53.3%) than males (46.7%) used headphones at high volumes. Although no significant association was found between hearing loss and loudness, hearing loss was more common among those using speakers for over 4&#xa0;h. Participants with hearing loss spent more time using headphones than those without. Although prolonged exposure to loud noise increases the risk of hearing loss, this study did not establish a statistically significant association between hearing loss and loudness, hours of exposure, earphone usage duration, or loudspeaker exposure.</p>

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Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Recreational Noise Exposure Induced Hearing Loss Among Adult

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Beena Oommen,
  • M. Sagesh,
  • K. Midhuna,
  • S. Yadukrishna

摘要

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a growing concern among young people due to frequent exposure to high sound levels during leisure activities. It results in elevated hearing thresholds caused by metabolic and mechanical damage to the organ of Corti. While occupational noise exposure has declined, social noise has tripled. Young adults often use personal audio devices or attend loud venues at unsafe volumes, increasing their risk of hearing damage. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of hearing loss due to recreational noise exposure and examine its correlation with exposure duration during leisure activities. A cross-sectional study was conducted among young adults (18–30 years) at Government Medical College, Kozhikode. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained before participants completed a questionnaire on noise exposure. Audiological tests, including Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Speech Reception Threshold (SRT), Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE), and tympanometry, were performed. Hearing loss prevalence was calculated, and associations with exposure duration and self-estimated loudness were analyzed using SPSS software. Among 213 participants (127 females, 59.6%; 86 males, 40.4%), PTA detected hearing loss in 20 (8.9%)—11 had bilateral loss, 8 had right ear loss, and 1 had left ear loss. Two showed a dip at 4000 Hz, and one at 8000 Hz. DPOAE screening showed “refer” results in 6 participants—4 bilaterally and 2 in the right ear. Of 60 participants who listened to music at high volume using headphones, 47 (78.3%) were younger than 25 years. Among those with hearing loss, 15 (75%) were under 25, while 5 (25%) were older. Hearing loss affected 45% males and 55% females, but the difference was not statistically significant. More females (53.3%) than males (46.7%) used headphones at high volumes. Although no significant association was found between hearing loss and loudness, hearing loss was more common among those using speakers for over 4 h. Participants with hearing loss spent more time using headphones than those without. Although prolonged exposure to loud noise increases the risk of hearing loss, this study did not establish a statistically significant association between hearing loss and loudness, hours of exposure, earphone usage duration, or loudspeaker exposure.