Background <p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of the teeth and has been linked to systemic conditions, including thyroid disorders. Thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, alters immune responses and bone metabolism, potentially influencing periodontal health.</p> Objective <p>This study aims to explore the association between thyroid disorders and periodontitis, focusing on shared inflammatory pathways and clinical implications.</p> Methods <p>A prospective descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, J.J.M. Medical College, Karnataka, from October 2024 to February 2025. A total of 91 patients (aged 12–65 years) with diagnosed thyroid disorders were included. Clinical periodontal parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed. Statistical significance was evaluated using Chi-square test, with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 considered significant.</p> Results <p>Among 91 participants, 85 (93.4%) had hypothyroidism, 4 (4.4%) had hyperthyroidism, and 2 (2.2%) had lymphocytic thyroiditis. Periodontitis was diagnosed in 56 (61.5%) patients, while 33(36.3%) had gingivitis. A significant association was found between hypothyroidism and periodontitis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.009), as well as between thyroid disorders and gingivitis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.011).</p> Conclusion <p>The findings suggest a bidirectional relationship between thyroid disorders and periodontal disease, mediated by inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms. Integrated management strategies may enhance patient outcomes. Further longitudinal studies are needed to establish causality and optimize clinical care.</p>