Evaluation of Methylation and Changes in the Transcriptomics and Proteomics of the GRHL3, PHLDA3, and in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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发表日期：

2024年11月16日

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Abbas Shakoori,
Maryam Azarian,
Mahdi Hosseinpour Aghaei,
Moein Maddahi,
Keyvan Aghazadeh,
Azin Tabari,
Shiva Farmani,
Alireza Azani,
Atousa Moghadam Fard,
Zahra Mokhtari,
Alireza Derakhshan,
Asra Idani,
Maryam Lotfi,
Shahriar Zohourian Shahzadi,
Sarah Siahbani,
Salar Motamedi,
Negin Saffarzadeh

摘要

Introduction

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world. High mortality and severe complications are critical features of head and neck cancer. Changes in intracellular signaling pathways are a general tumor formation and progression mechanism. Due to the objectivity that the PI3K pathway plays a critical role in HNSCC. the negative regulators involved in this pathway such as GRHL3, PHLDA3, which have been reported to reduce their expression in malignancies, can achieve significant results in the detection, prognosis, and targeted treatment of HNSCC if changes in transcriptome, proteome, and methylation levels of these genes are observed.

Method

45 fresh head and neck cancer cells and 45 control samples were collected. Protein expression was also studied using Western blot. Additionally, promoter methylation was investigated using the qMSP method to observe changes in the regulatory regions.

Results

The results indicate a significant decrease in GRHL3 expression and a significant increase in PHLDA3 expression. Notably, these expression changes were not confirmed at the protein level. Additionally, methylation analysis revealed hypermethylation of the promoter region in GRHL3 and hypomethylation in PHLDA3.

Conclusion

This study is the first to examine the genes GRHL3 and PHLDA3 at the transcriptome, proteome, and promoter methylation levels. Based on the results, we hope that further studies will confirm the potential of GRHL3 and PHLDA3 as prognostic biomarkers.