<p>This study identified latent profiles of depression among older adults in the early post-retirement period and explored how life expectations and government policies are associated with these profiles. Additionally, it examined the relationship between these profiles and life satisfaction after retirement. The research utilized longitudinal data from KLoSA, provided by the Korea Employment Information Service. Using a sample of 269 participants who responded in both the 6th and 8th waves of the survey, we identified four latent profiles: <i>Contentment Group</i>—low depression, positive outlook on life; <i>Sorrowful Heart Group</i>—moderate depression, a strong tendency toward sadness; <i>Dissatisfaction and Complaints Group</i>—low depression, but highest dissatisfaction with life; and <i>Apathy Group</i>—highest depression levels. Significant antecedents for these profiles included expectations for economic and social improvement, national-level old-age security, and stable latter life due to the National Pension System. The analysis showed that health, economic status, spousal and child relationships, and overall life quality varied significantly across profiles. While the Contentment Group showed high levels of health, economic status, and strong relationships with spouses and children, the Sorrowful Heart Group recorded lower overall satisfaction than the Apathy Group. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for predicting and preventing depressive symptoms in retirees through a resource management approach.</p>