During times of crisis, such as refugeeism, social networks and support are critical for the survival and well-being of adults and older adults. However, our understanding of the differences in their impact on the well-being of adult refugees compared to older adult refugees is limited. To address this knowledge gap, we used Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework to review existing research on social support and networks of adult and older adult refugees in Western countries. After searching eight databases and conducting thorough screening and analysis, we found that social networks and support play a crucial role in both adult and older adult refugees’ ability to cope with forced migration, reducing mental health problems like depression and anxiety, and improving their chances of resettlement in the place of refuge. More importantly, we found that ethnic and culturally sensitive support is more effective in meeting the needs of both groups. However, while many studies report positive impacts of social networks and support on the well-being of adult and older adult refugees, we found some adverse outcomes of social networks, particularly on the well-being of older adult refugees characterised by neglect, abuse and psychological distress. Therefore, more research is necessary to better understand the unique dynamics of older adult refugees’ relationships with their social network systems. This is crucial to improve support and reduce harm to this vulnerable population.
