Perception of Ageing Among Rural Multi-ethnic Older Adults in Malaysia: A Qualitative Study
摘要
Understanding the perception of older adults towards ageing is vital in addressing their quality of life (QoL) and well-being. This qualitative study aimed to explore the self-perception of ageing, current approaches for ageing well, and to identify the gaps for future interventions and policy recommendations. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted among 24 multi-ethnic rural older adults (Malay, Chinese, Indian, Orang Asli) living in Malaysia, purposively selected based on their varying quality of life (QoL) scores. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview content. Four key themes emerged: (1) self-perception of ageing, (2) approaches to ageing well, (3) respect and social inclusion, and (4) age-friendly physical environment. Perceptions of ageing, emotional well-being, and financial security were shaped by QoL status. Ethnic differences were also noted in emotional wellbeing, religiosity, health-seeking behaviours and experiences with ageism. Acceptance of ageing was a central to navigating age related changes. Participants also stressed the importance of maintaining physical and mental health, social connectedness, and autonomy, while acknowledging both the strengths and limitations of rural living. The findings highlight the importance of recognising individual perceptions and cultural nuances towards ageing well rather than treating older adults as a uniform group. This would help to inform and implement policies and interventions that are culturally sensitive to promote health, improve well-being, and quality of life among ethnically diverse older adult populations.