<p>This study examines the relationship between family-related variables and perceived income adequacy (PIA) among older adults in Brunei, a nation with a generous welfare system primarily funded by hydrocarbon revenues. Using data from a cross-sectional survey of 429 respondents aged 50 and above, hierarchical logistic regression models were employed to examine the association between family variables and PIA, controlling for contributions from community, individuals and the state, as well as socio-demographic and health variables. The results underscore the significant role of the family, particularly support from children and household income, in enhancing PIA. In contrast, the number of children and co-residing with children were not significantly associated with improved PIA, suggesting that filial piety and children’s income may be more influential than their physical presence. Community variables were not significantly related to PIA, whereas state support, especially through non-contributory pension, was positively associated with PIA. Other control variables, such as age and good self-rated health, were positively associated with PIA. The study recommends strengthening filial values and enhancing young people’s productive participation in the labour market. It also advocates for the creation of post-retirement employment opportunities, recognising that as life expectancy increases, many older adults remain capable of contributing economically. These recommendations align with the state’s vision of fostering a self-reliant society.</p>