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<p>High-speed rail (HSR) expansion has led to regional restructuring of industrial and population development. However, little is known about how these effects vary across regions with similar development levels. This study considers 132 cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, two developed provinces in eastern China, as examples to comparatively examine the effects of HSR on changes in employed and resident populations over the last decade. The HSR network expansion led to a decreasing ratio of the employed population to the resident population in Jiangsu, whereas an opposite trend was observed in Zhejiang. Large cities in Jiangsu reinforced their attractiveness to both employed and resident populations, and small cities are facing population loss. In contrast, small cities in Zhejiang benefited from HSR development, similar to large cities. These results suggest that regional disparity in Jiangsu amplified the siphoning effect of HSR network development, whereas the relatively balanced development in Zhejiang promoted the optimization effect of HSR network development. This study contributes to understanding the varied effects of HSR development and how they relate to the initial spatial structures of different regions.</p>

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Varied Effects of High-Speed Rail Network Expansion on Changes in Employed and Resident Populations: A Tale of Two Developed Provinces in China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Ning Xu,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Haiyue Wang,
  • Ruxian Yun,
  • Zhiyuan Ma

摘要

High-speed rail (HSR) expansion has led to regional restructuring of industrial and population development. However, little is known about how these effects vary across regions with similar development levels. This study considers 132 cities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, two developed provinces in eastern China, as examples to comparatively examine the effects of HSR on changes in employed and resident populations over the last decade. The HSR network expansion led to a decreasing ratio of the employed population to the resident population in Jiangsu, whereas an opposite trend was observed in Zhejiang. Large cities in Jiangsu reinforced their attractiveness to both employed and resident populations, and small cities are facing population loss. In contrast, small cities in Zhejiang benefited from HSR development, similar to large cities. These results suggest that regional disparity in Jiangsu amplified the siphoning effect of HSR network development, whereas the relatively balanced development in Zhejiang promoted the optimization effect of HSR network development. This study contributes to understanding the varied effects of HSR development and how they relate to the initial spatial structures of different regions.