Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Production Demand-Driven Water use in China's Urban Agricultural Sector
摘要
Water scarcity poses a significant challenge to China's sustainable economic and social progress. Despite its critical importance, the impact of the agricultural sector’s production demand on water consumption across regions and sectors through supply chains (known as water footprint) has been largely overlooked, particularly at the city level. This study provides a detailed analysis of the agricultural water footprint at the urban scale, using data from 2012, 2015, and 2017 for 313 Chinese cities. Our findings reveal that agricultural water footprints in Chinese cities exhibit clear spatial heterogeneity, with higher footprints in the central and eastern regions compared to the northwest and southwest. Over time, cities with high water footprints have gradually shifted from north to south. We also identified that hotspot cities are mainly located in the central, eastern, and southern regions of China, such as Beijing, Tianjin, Wuhan, and Nanjing. Based on these insights, we provide policy recommendations aimed at promoting sustainable water resource management at both the sectoral and city levels. These recommendations are intended to mitigate water scarcity and ensure water security in China. To achieve sustainable water resource management, agricultural water footprints must be integrated into urban water management systems. Key policies include optimizing water footprint management in eastern regions through precision irrigation and IoT systems, improving water use efficiency in water-scarce agricultural areas, and enhancing agricultural trade between regions with different water resources. Urban agricultural development should focus on balanced water usage and collaborative governance through cross-city water rights platforms. Industry structure optimization is essential, with a focus on promoting water-efficient technologies and practices. Additionally, encouraging water-saving behaviors through education, subsidies, and policy incentives will help reduce agricultural water footprints and support sustainable water use.