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<p>Sand mining has destroyed ecosystems, polluted river water, and depressed river bottoms owing to rising sea levels. Due to the scarcity of a traditional fill, a study was made on the use of a geomaterial behind the wall as fill, which is a subset of industrial waste and resembles natural soil. The geomaterial was prepared by blending sand with bottom ash at varying proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%, and incorporating plastic strips at concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.25% by weight. Backfill placed behind retaining walls typically consists of heavily compacted soils, which can significantly increase the lateral earth pressure exerted on the wall. Geofoam, weighing approximately 1% of natural soil, significantly reduces the lateral earth pressure on retaining walls when used as a replacement for conventional backfill. This reduction is attributed to its lightweight and compressible nature, which helps absorb stresses and limit pressure transmission to the wall. The inclusion of lightweight geofoam between the retaining wall and backfill material has been shown to effectively reduce settlement and enhance bearing capacity. Geofoam’s compressible nature enables the mobilization of the surrounding soil’s shear strength, which helps redistribute stresses and consequently reduces the lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining wall. The effectiveness of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) geofoam as a compressible inclusion was evaluated through a series of parametric numerical analyses conducted using PLAXIS 2D. Key parameters examined included geofoam density, thickness, frictional properties of the backfill, and applied surcharge pressure. The numerical simulations revealed that the lightweight and deformable characteristics of EPS, reflected in its low Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, promote an active earth pressure state in sandy backfill. The results demonstrated that incorporating geofoam behind the wall can lead to a reduction in lateral earth pressure of up to 70%, depending on the specific combination of geofoam density, thickness, and backfill frictional properties.</p>

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Role of an absorber in reducing soil pressure on retaining structures under static loading conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Khushboo S Vishwakarma,
  • Shruti Shukla

摘要

Sand mining has destroyed ecosystems, polluted river water, and depressed river bottoms owing to rising sea levels. Due to the scarcity of a traditional fill, a study was made on the use of a geomaterial behind the wall as fill, which is a subset of industrial waste and resembles natural soil. The geomaterial was prepared by blending sand with bottom ash at varying proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%, and incorporating plastic strips at concentrations of 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.25% by weight. Backfill placed behind retaining walls typically consists of heavily compacted soils, which can significantly increase the lateral earth pressure exerted on the wall. Geofoam, weighing approximately 1% of natural soil, significantly reduces the lateral earth pressure on retaining walls when used as a replacement for conventional backfill. This reduction is attributed to its lightweight and compressible nature, which helps absorb stresses and limit pressure transmission to the wall. The inclusion of lightweight geofoam between the retaining wall and backfill material has been shown to effectively reduce settlement and enhance bearing capacity. Geofoam’s compressible nature enables the mobilization of the surrounding soil’s shear strength, which helps redistribute stresses and consequently reduces the lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining wall. The effectiveness of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) geofoam as a compressible inclusion was evaluated through a series of parametric numerical analyses conducted using PLAXIS 2D. Key parameters examined included geofoam density, thickness, frictional properties of the backfill, and applied surcharge pressure. The numerical simulations revealed that the lightweight and deformable characteristics of EPS, reflected in its low Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, promote an active earth pressure state in sandy backfill. The results demonstrated that incorporating geofoam behind the wall can lead to a reduction in lateral earth pressure of up to 70%, depending on the specific combination of geofoam density, thickness, and backfill frictional properties.