<p>This study presents an experimental investigation into the seismic performance of reinforced concrete beam-column joints retrofitted with rectangular spiral reinforcements in comparison to conventional stirrup detailing. The specimens were subjected to cyclic lateral loading to evaluate parameters such as load-bearing capacity, energy dissipation, ductility, and hysteretic behaviour. Results reveal that rectangular spiral reinforcements substantially improved the initial crack load, peak load capacity, and energy dissipation of the joints. Among the tested configurations, specimen RSJ-3 with Spiral Type B exhibited superior performance, achieving the highest ductility and cumulative energy dissipation. Hysteresis curves of the spiral-reinforced joints were more stable and exhibited wider loops with reduced pinching and stiffness degradation, indicating enhanced resilience under seismic loads. Additionally, the uniform confinement provided by the spiral configuration delayed crack propagation and improved post-yield behaviour. These enhancements underscore the potential of rectangular spiral reinforcement as a structurally efficient and economically viable alternative to conventional stirrups for both retrofitting and new construction in seismic regions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>