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<p>Waste heat recovery (WHR) is an efficient method for repurposing excess energy to generate valuable energy products, promoting sustainable systems development, and mitigating environmental impacts. Moreover, waste-to-energy conversion has gained significant attention for enhancing overall system performance and reducing operating costs. Therefore, this review explores the characteristics of waste heat (WH) and the technologies employed to recover it, with a focus on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and its application across diverse sectors. It also discusses the challenges it faces. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into the utilization of agricultural residues as locally available WH for standalone and decentralized power generation, as well as future research pathways in this domain. The ORC presents an appealing solution for WHR due to its flexibility and adaptability, as it can operate with heat sources ranging from low to high temperatures. It also underscores the importance of effective WH utilization for electricity generation, particularly through cogeneration and combined generation systems based on ORC. Cogeneration, in particular, is emphasized as an advanced and efficient method for harnessing WH, achieving high overall energy efficiencies. This analysis showcases the necessity of integrating these innovative solutions to maximize energy recovery and foster sustainable development.</p>

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A review on waste heat and its utilization through Organic Rankine Cycle systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Sooraj Maurya,
  • Shailendra Kumar Shukla,
  • Saurabh Pathak

摘要

Waste heat recovery (WHR) is an efficient method for repurposing excess energy to generate valuable energy products, promoting sustainable systems development, and mitigating environmental impacts. Moreover, waste-to-energy conversion has gained significant attention for enhancing overall system performance and reducing operating costs. Therefore, this review explores the characteristics of waste heat (WH) and the technologies employed to recover it, with a focus on the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and its application across diverse sectors. It also discusses the challenges it faces. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into the utilization of agricultural residues as locally available WH for standalone and decentralized power generation, as well as future research pathways in this domain. The ORC presents an appealing solution for WHR due to its flexibility and adaptability, as it can operate with heat sources ranging from low to high temperatures. It also underscores the importance of effective WH utilization for electricity generation, particularly through cogeneration and combined generation systems based on ORC. Cogeneration, in particular, is emphasized as an advanced and efficient method for harnessing WH, achieving high overall energy efficiencies. This analysis showcases the necessity of integrating these innovative solutions to maximize energy recovery and foster sustainable development.