Static and dynamic performance of single batter piles embedded in slope

The performance of pile foundations embedded in the sloping ground has received the least attention. Further, considering piles with batter angles, the investigation is even more limited. In this study, 3D non-linear finite element analyses were conducted to investigate the lateral load-carrying behaviour of vertical and batter (with angles -5°, +5°, -10° and +10°) pile foundations embedded in slope. Firstly, static analyses were performed, and the behaviour of the batter piles was compared with the vertical piles, considering the piles are embedded in a 30° slope of height 5.0 m with medium-stiff clay. It was observed that the capacity of piles reduces when they are installed on sloping ground. Negative batter piles were found to be more effective than the vertical piles in the slope. Next, the performances of the piles were investigated for dynamic lateral loading. It was inferred that the negative batter piles provide better resistance under lateral loading than the vertical and positive batter piles in sloping ground under dynamic loading as well.