This article aims to derive optical soliton solutions for the ( \(4+1\) )-dimensional Davey–Stewartson–Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (DSKP) problem using the generalised exponential rational function method and the \((m+F)\) -expansion method. Both techniques yield various soliton solutions, including bright and dark solitons. The behaviour of these solitons may be further analysed using three-dimensional, two-dimensional and contour graphs. The effect of temporal parameter on the obtained soliton solutions is illustrated using two-dimensional graphs. The study emphasises the significance of solitons in optical fibre technology, signal processing and quantum systems, while also paving the way for applying the proposed techniques to more complex nonlinear models, such as fractional and higher-order systems. These findings contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of soliton dynamics and support their practical implementation in advanced nonlinear optics and engineering applications.
