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<p>Genomics has revolutionized plant biology by elucidating genome structure and providing insights into evolutionary history and biological function. As of 2025, whole-genome sequences have been reported for over two thousand flowering plant species. This review summarizes the current state of genomic research across angiosperms, highlighting taxonomic coverage and major research applications. Despite the rapid expansion of genomic resources and their impact on many research fields, tropical plants, the most diverse group of plants on Earth, remain underrepresented in genomic studies. In this review, we surveyed tropical plant species with published whole-genome assemblies and categorized them based on the primary aims of their genomic investigations. For each category, we discussed key findings, research progress, and future directions. We further illustrated how integrative, multi-dimensional genomic datasets have provided robust insights into tropical plant evolution, adaptation, and trait biology. Recent advances in population genomics and pan-genomics are also revealing natural genetic variation underlying important traits, opening new avenues for crop improvement. By synthesizing current achievements and emerging opportunities, this review provides a forward-looking perspective on tropical plant genomics.</p>

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Genomics of Tropical Plants: Current Progress, Applications, and Future Opportunities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Haomin Lyu,
  • Qingyi Yu

摘要

Genomics has revolutionized plant biology by elucidating genome structure and providing insights into evolutionary history and biological function. As of 2025, whole-genome sequences have been reported for over two thousand flowering plant species. This review summarizes the current state of genomic research across angiosperms, highlighting taxonomic coverage and major research applications. Despite the rapid expansion of genomic resources and their impact on many research fields, tropical plants, the most diverse group of plants on Earth, remain underrepresented in genomic studies. In this review, we surveyed tropical plant species with published whole-genome assemblies and categorized them based on the primary aims of their genomic investigations. For each category, we discussed key findings, research progress, and future directions. We further illustrated how integrative, multi-dimensional genomic datasets have provided robust insights into tropical plant evolution, adaptation, and trait biology. Recent advances in population genomics and pan-genomics are also revealing natural genetic variation underlying important traits, opening new avenues for crop improvement. By synthesizing current achievements and emerging opportunities, this review provides a forward-looking perspective on tropical plant genomics.