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<p><i>Anthurium andraeanum</i> Linden is an ornamental plant belonging to the Araceae family. It is prized for its vividly colored spathes, which have high ornamental value. However, cultivars with yellow spathes remain scarce. Carotenoids are a major class of plant pigments that directly influence the coloration of leaves, floral organs, and fruits. Their limited accumulation in <i>A. andraeanum</i> spathes has led to the current lack of deep-yellow cultivars. To elucidate the characteristics of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in <i>A. andraeanum</i> spathes, we conducted an integrated analysis employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for carotenoid metabolomics and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) for transcriptomics on spathes at the full bloom stage, using the pale yellow spathe cultivar ‘Vanilla’ and the white spathe cultivar ‘Eclyps’ as experimental materials. Of the 18 carotenoids targeted from the Metware plant carotenoid database, 12 were detected in both cultivars, with lutein, β‑carotene and phytoene being the most abundant in ‘Vanilla’. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that, compared with ‘Eclyps’, ‘Vanilla’ exhibited higher expression levels of carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes such as <i>GGPPS</i>, <i>PSY</i>, <i>LCYB</i>, and <i>ZDS</i>, but lower expression levels of carotenoid catabolism genes such as <i>CCD4</i> and <i>AAO3</i>. Transcription factor analysis revealed significant differential expression of members of the <i>bHLH</i>, <i>MADS</i>, and <i>NAC</i> families between the cultivars, suggesting their potential regulatory roles in carotenoid biosynthesis within <i>A</i>. <i>andraeanum</i> spathes. This study thus provides a basis for exploring the regulatory mechanisms governing carotenoid synthesis in <i>A</i>. <i>andraeanum</i> spathes.</p>

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Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal the Characteristics of the Carotenoid Biosynthetic Pathway in Anthurium andraeanum Linden Spathes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Na Niu,
  • Chunfang Hu,
  • Jialu Sun,
  • Guangdong Wang

摘要

Anthurium andraeanum Linden is an ornamental plant belonging to the Araceae family. It is prized for its vividly colored spathes, which have high ornamental value. However, cultivars with yellow spathes remain scarce. Carotenoids are a major class of plant pigments that directly influence the coloration of leaves, floral organs, and fruits. Their limited accumulation in A. andraeanum spathes has led to the current lack of deep-yellow cultivars. To elucidate the characteristics of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in A. andraeanum spathes, we conducted an integrated analysis employing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for carotenoid metabolomics and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) for transcriptomics on spathes at the full bloom stage, using the pale yellow spathe cultivar ‘Vanilla’ and the white spathe cultivar ‘Eclyps’ as experimental materials. Of the 18 carotenoids targeted from the Metware plant carotenoid database, 12 were detected in both cultivars, with lutein, β‑carotene and phytoene being the most abundant in ‘Vanilla’. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that, compared with ‘Eclyps’, ‘Vanilla’ exhibited higher expression levels of carotenoid biosynthesis pathway genes such as GGPPS, PSY, LCYB, and ZDS, but lower expression levels of carotenoid catabolism genes such as CCD4 and AAO3. Transcription factor analysis revealed significant differential expression of members of the bHLH, MADS, and NAC families between the cultivars, suggesting their potential regulatory roles in carotenoid biosynthesis within A. andraeanum spathes. This study thus provides a basis for exploring the regulatory mechanisms governing carotenoid synthesis in A. andraeanum spathes.