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<p>The calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) and CPK-related kinases (CRKs) act as Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensors and play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. In this study, 228 <i>CPKs</i> and 77 <i>CRKs</i> were identified in 10 Cucurbitaceae species. A large number of segmental duplications and whole genome duplications (WGDs) were found in four Cucurbita species, while transposed and dispersed duplications greatly contributed to the gene expansion in the other six species. Phylogenetic analysis classified the <i>CPKs</i> into four groups and group Ⅳ clustered with <i>CRKs</i>, indicating that they originated from the same ancestors. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that most <i>CPK</i> and <i>CRK</i> genes contained many elements related to stress and hormone response. Expression profile analysis in cucumber revealed that most <i>CsCPKs</i> and <i>CsCRKs</i> exhibited tissue-specific expression, suggesting divergent expression during the development. Additionally, the qRT-PCR results revealed that candidate <i>CsCPK</i> genes were differentially regulated under various abiotic stresses, underscoring their significant roles in stress response. <i>CsCPK8</i> was consistently up-regulated under salt and osmotic stresses; <i>CsCPK9</i> exhibited a biphasic response; <i>CsCPK13</i> showed a consistent down-regulation in all treatments except cold; <i>CsCPK14</i> was up-regulated by salt, cold and heat treatments, and <i>CsCPK15</i> was induced by ABA and heat. Our study provided a comprehensive understanding of the potential function of <i>CPK</i> and <i>CRK</i> genes in Cucurbitaceae species.</p>

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Genome-Wide Analysis of CPK and CRK Gene Families in 10 Cucurbitaceae Species and Responses To Abiotic Stresses in Cucumber

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Ning Wang,
  • Yu Fu,
  • Yuke Li,
  • Erfang Kang,
  • Zhonglin Shang

摘要

The calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) and CPK-related kinases (CRKs) act as Ca2+ sensors and play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. In this study, 228 CPKs and 77 CRKs were identified in 10 Cucurbitaceae species. A large number of segmental duplications and whole genome duplications (WGDs) were found in four Cucurbita species, while transposed and dispersed duplications greatly contributed to the gene expansion in the other six species. Phylogenetic analysis classified the CPKs into four groups and group Ⅳ clustered with CRKs, indicating that they originated from the same ancestors. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that most CPK and CRK genes contained many elements related to stress and hormone response. Expression profile analysis in cucumber revealed that most CsCPKs and CsCRKs exhibited tissue-specific expression, suggesting divergent expression during the development. Additionally, the qRT-PCR results revealed that candidate CsCPK genes were differentially regulated under various abiotic stresses, underscoring their significant roles in stress response. CsCPK8 was consistently up-regulated under salt and osmotic stresses; CsCPK9 exhibited a biphasic response; CsCPK13 showed a consistent down-regulation in all treatments except cold; CsCPK14 was up-regulated by salt, cold and heat treatments, and CsCPK15 was induced by ABA and heat. Our study provided a comprehensive understanding of the potential function of CPK and CRK genes in Cucurbitaceae species.