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<p>Nitrogen is a primary factor affecting the yield and quality of tobacco. Insufficient nitrogen results in poor tobacco output and poor leaf quality; in contrast, excessive nitrate can lead to delayed maturity and poor quality of cured tobacco leaves. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the response of tobacco to low nitrogen, we conducted a multiomics analysis of tobacco plants treated with normal (7.5 mM) or low nitrogen (0.75 mM). Our results revealed that after 15 days of low-nitrate treatment, the plants exhibited stunted growth, yellowed leaves, and significant growth inhibition. The total nitrogen levels, and the activities of glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase in the leaves also decreased significantly. Transcriptome analysis of the tobacco plants under low-nitrogen stress revealed 896 differentially expressed genes, with 404 genes upregulated and 492 genes downregulated in comparison with those in the control. Among the upregulated genes, the expression of <i>Nitab4.5_0000970g0150</i>, which is involved in galactose metabolism, significantly increased. Subsequent metabolome analysis revealed that 28 metabolites significantly changed under low-nitrogen treatment, including 23 metabolites whose levels increased and 6 whose levels decreased compared with those in the control. The increased metabolites were also enriched in galactose metabolism. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that three pathways significantly changed—amino acid synthesis and metabolism, galactose metabolism and trehalose-6-phosphate metabolism—among which galactose metabolism is important for tobacco in response to low nitrogen stress. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further research on the function of nitrogen regulatory genes in tobacco and for the breeding of tobacco varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency.</p>

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Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal that galactose metabolism is vital for tobacco in response to low-nitrate stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月6日

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  • Dong Wang,
  • Yongchang Wen,
  • Haoran Xie,
  • Mingxin Mu,
  • Xianchao Peng,
  • Junju Li,
  • Jixian He,
  • Xiaoli Liu,
  • Yifei Lu,
  • Bi Ren,
  • Liming Lu,
  • Liqin Li

摘要

Nitrogen is a primary factor affecting the yield and quality of tobacco. Insufficient nitrogen results in poor tobacco output and poor leaf quality; in contrast, excessive nitrate can lead to delayed maturity and poor quality of cured tobacco leaves. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the response of tobacco to low nitrogen, we conducted a multiomics analysis of tobacco plants treated with normal (7.5 mM) or low nitrogen (0.75 mM). Our results revealed that after 15 days of low-nitrate treatment, the plants exhibited stunted growth, yellowed leaves, and significant growth inhibition. The total nitrogen levels, and the activities of glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase in the leaves also decreased significantly. Transcriptome analysis of the tobacco plants under low-nitrogen stress revealed 896 differentially expressed genes, with 404 genes upregulated and 492 genes downregulated in comparison with those in the control. Among the upregulated genes, the expression of Nitab4.5_0000970g0150, which is involved in galactose metabolism, significantly increased. Subsequent metabolome analysis revealed that 28 metabolites significantly changed under low-nitrogen treatment, including 23 metabolites whose levels increased and 6 whose levels decreased compared with those in the control. The increased metabolites were also enriched in galactose metabolism. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that three pathways significantly changed—amino acid synthesis and metabolism, galactose metabolism and trehalose-6-phosphate metabolism—among which galactose metabolism is important for tobacco in response to low nitrogen stress. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further research on the function of nitrogen regulatory genes in tobacco and for the breeding of tobacco varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency.