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Abstract <p>Here, we present the application of lithologic provenance modelling (LPM) integrated with Zingg’s grain shape classification, petrography, modal and x-ray diffraction analyses, to decode the provenance of the meta-conglomerate and wacke band of the Jaban Formation, Champaner Group, Aravalli Supergroup. The study reveals a dual-source system, with clasts and sediments deriving from both intra-basinal metamorphic rocks and inter-basinal granitic terrains. The volumetric clast counts across nine locations were compared with modelled data using the initial exposure gate (IEG) framework, which shows a strong match that supports contributions from both source domains. Zingg’s classification identifies granite clasts as predominantly sphere-like, indicating longer transport distances, whereas metamorphic clasts such as quartzite, calc-silicate, and metapelite display blade-like shapes, suggesting proximal derivation. Petrographic and modal analyses confirm a felsic-rich matrix and clast composition dominated by quartz, muscovite, and potassic feldspar, with minimal mafic content. This felsic dominance is further validated by XRD analysis, which consistently identifies quartz, microcline, and muscovite as major mineral phases, along with minor phlogopite and biotite, and an absence of high-grade metamorphic minerals. QFL plots position the samples within the recycled orogen field, implying sediment reworking from older crustal sources. These findings highlight the effectiveness of using lithologic provenance modelling for studying meta-conglomerates and emphasize the influence of tectonic uplift, erosional processes, and sediment recycling in controlling the provenance and depositional evolution of the Champaner Basin.</p> Research Highlights <p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>The Jaban meta-conglomerate reflects a dual-source system, confirmed by Lithologic Provenance Modelling (LPM) to include both intra-basinal metamorphic rocks and inter-basinal granitic terrains.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Zingg’s grain shape classification supports the dual-source model, with sphere-like granitic clasts indicating distal transport and blade-like metamorphic clasts suggesting proximal derivation.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Petrographic, modal, and XRD analyses confirm a dominant felsic mineralogy (quartz, microcline, muscovite). QFL plotting in the 'recycled orogen' field indicates reworking of older crustal sources.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>This study successfully demonstrates the first application of Lithologic Provenance Modelling (LPM) to meta-conglomerates of Champaner Group, validating it as an effective tool for reconstructing sedimentation history in metamorphosed terrains.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Lithologic provenance modelling of the Jaban meta-conglomerate and wacke band of Champaner Group, Gujarat, western India: An implication through field studies to decode the multiple lithological assortments from source to sink

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Fardin Mulla,
  • A Preethiga,
  • Aditya U Joshi,
  • Sakshi V Samji,
  • Parita Gorania,
  • M A Limaye,
  • S J Desai

摘要

Abstract

Here, we present the application of lithologic provenance modelling (LPM) integrated with Zingg’s grain shape classification, petrography, modal and x-ray diffraction analyses, to decode the provenance of the meta-conglomerate and wacke band of the Jaban Formation, Champaner Group, Aravalli Supergroup. The study reveals a dual-source system, with clasts and sediments deriving from both intra-basinal metamorphic rocks and inter-basinal granitic terrains. The volumetric clast counts across nine locations were compared with modelled data using the initial exposure gate (IEG) framework, which shows a strong match that supports contributions from both source domains. Zingg’s classification identifies granite clasts as predominantly sphere-like, indicating longer transport distances, whereas metamorphic clasts such as quartzite, calc-silicate, and metapelite display blade-like shapes, suggesting proximal derivation. Petrographic and modal analyses confirm a felsic-rich matrix and clast composition dominated by quartz, muscovite, and potassic feldspar, with minimal mafic content. This felsic dominance is further validated by XRD analysis, which consistently identifies quartz, microcline, and muscovite as major mineral phases, along with minor phlogopite and biotite, and an absence of high-grade metamorphic minerals. QFL plots position the samples within the recycled orogen field, implying sediment reworking from older crustal sources. These findings highlight the effectiveness of using lithologic provenance modelling for studying meta-conglomerates and emphasize the influence of tectonic uplift, erosional processes, and sediment recycling in controlling the provenance and depositional evolution of the Champaner Basin.

Research Highlights

The Jaban meta-conglomerate reflects a dual-source system, confirmed by Lithologic Provenance Modelling (LPM) to include both intra-basinal metamorphic rocks and inter-basinal granitic terrains.

Zingg’s grain shape classification supports the dual-source model, with sphere-like granitic clasts indicating distal transport and blade-like metamorphic clasts suggesting proximal derivation.

Petrographic, modal, and XRD analyses confirm a dominant felsic mineralogy (quartz, microcline, muscovite). QFL plotting in the 'recycled orogen' field indicates reworking of older crustal sources.

This study successfully demonstrates the first application of Lithologic Provenance Modelling (LPM) to meta-conglomerates of Champaner Group, validating it as an effective tool for reconstructing sedimentation history in metamorphosed terrains.