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Abstract <p>We investigate the development of systematic, steeply dipping tensile fractures that are restricted within irregularly shaped stiff enclaves embedded in an infinite rock matrix. We employ numerical models to investigate the influence of geometry and mechanical parameters on the formation of restricted tensile fractures within irregularly shaped mafic enclaves of Closepet granite, Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. We apply the finite-element method (FEM) to understand stress distributions under varying far-field loading circumstances. The findings reveal that the shape of the enclave significantly influences stress distribution, with tensile stress concentrating on boundary irregularities and driving fracture initiation inside it. The mechanical contrast between the enclaves and the host matrix significantly influences stress distribution, thereby determining the susceptibility of fracturing within the enclaves. Notably, the aspect ratio of enclaves has a proportional relationship with fracture susceptibility, highlighting the importance of enclave geometry in controlling fracture initiation. These insights highlight the significant role of mechanical contrasts and geometry in the formation of enclave-restricted fractures.&#xa0;Furthermore, the consistent orientation of fractures inside the enclaves helps us to comment on the far-field stress direction, implying their reliability as good paleostress markers.</p> Highlights <p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Tensile fractures restricted within mafic enclaves embedded in softer rock matrix are studied using COMSOL Multiphysics.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Enclave restricted tensile fractures result from the enhancement of far-field stress.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Influence of shape and mechanical properties of enclaves on far-field stress enhancement is investigated.</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>E–W trending tensile fractures restricted within mafic enclaves found in Closepet granite are used as reliable paleostress marker.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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A numerical approach to understand the role of geometry and mechanical properties on the evolution of tensile fractures in rigid enclaves

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月2日

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  • Gourav Das,
  • P N R L Sudhishna,
  • Swagata Singha,
  • Sourav Mondal,
  • Tridib Kumar Mondal

摘要

Abstract

We investigate the development of systematic, steeply dipping tensile fractures that are restricted within irregularly shaped stiff enclaves embedded in an infinite rock matrix. We employ numerical models to investigate the influence of geometry and mechanical parameters on the formation of restricted tensile fractures within irregularly shaped mafic enclaves of Closepet granite, Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. We apply the finite-element method (FEM) to understand stress distributions under varying far-field loading circumstances. The findings reveal that the shape of the enclave significantly influences stress distribution, with tensile stress concentrating on boundary irregularities and driving fracture initiation inside it. The mechanical contrast between the enclaves and the host matrix significantly influences stress distribution, thereby determining the susceptibility of fracturing within the enclaves. Notably, the aspect ratio of enclaves has a proportional relationship with fracture susceptibility, highlighting the importance of enclave geometry in controlling fracture initiation. These insights highlight the significant role of mechanical contrasts and geometry in the formation of enclave-restricted fractures. Furthermore, the consistent orientation of fractures inside the enclaves helps us to comment on the far-field stress direction, implying their reliability as good paleostress markers.

Highlights

Tensile fractures restricted within mafic enclaves embedded in softer rock matrix are studied using COMSOL Multiphysics.

Enclave restricted tensile fractures result from the enhancement of far-field stress.

Influence of shape and mechanical properties of enclaves on far-field stress enhancement is investigated.

E–W trending tensile fractures restricted within mafic enclaves found in Closepet granite are used as reliable paleostress marker.